via JULIEN*S
"THE FLORIAN SCHNEIDER COLLECTION
Auction to be held at Musician's Hall of Fame & Museum, Nashville, on November 19
An incredible collection of more than 450 artifacts from the life and career of Florian Schneider, co-founder of the pioneer electronic band Kraftwerk."
Pics and videos featuring some of the gear below, and his Lederhosen for good measure (thanks greg!).
Update: the post has been fully updated with all the synth related gear. This may just well be the longest post to be featured on the site. I wanted to capture all the pics for all of the details including notes, scuffs, and of course serial numbers. It's an interesting look into what he used, the condition he keped his gear, in some cases, how he actually used his gear. Note the phonetics on the keys of the Casio CZ-101 and DX-100. Note the Midi Switch Box with a built-in speaker? What's that about? Note the camouflage key strap on the Korg RK-100 Remote Keyboard. Did he pick it out himself or did the keytar just come with it? Note the repeat midi controllers and the MIDI saxaphones. Wind was his primary instrument. You'll find a ton of the acoustic gear he used in the other listings. This is a fascinating insight into both what and how he used his gear.
Side note: there is no affiliate compensation for this post. The note at the top automatically shows for all posts with the Auction label.


Rack Mount Sennheiser VSM-201 Vocoder
Starting Bid $5,000
Estimate $20,000 - $40,000 USD
A late 1970s Sennheiser VSM 201 Vocoder with no serial number from the personal studio and collection of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk (see images). While it’s said that only a few dozen of these Vocoders were produced, a few examples made it into the hands of forward-thinking musical artists including Herbie Hancock, Daft Punk, and of course, Kraftwerk, who used a VSM-201 like this on their albums Man Machine (1978) and Computerworld (1981). The VSM-201 has an intelligible sound that has not yet been bested by modern gear. Includes power cable. This VSM-201 has been removed from its wooden enclosure (which bears the serial number plate) and modified with a metal rack mount casing, presumably for live use. Requires 240v, IEC power cable not included.
Dimensions: 19 x 9 x 9 inches
Category: Kraftwerk, Equipment
Provenance: PROVENANCE From the Estate of Florian Schneider
Note this is listed as a SYNTHI AKS but is missing the KS (keyboard sequencer)
Stage Played EMS Synthi AKS Suitcase Synthesizer
Starting Bid $4,000
Estimate $15,000 - $20,000 USD
A c. early 1970s EMS Synthi AKS suitcase synthesizer, serial #45086 KS, in a black attaché with silver face plate. This EMS Synthi comes from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk, who was known for processing his flute through one such unit during Kraftwerk’s early period. According to notes from the Florian Schneider Estate, this was the first synth acquired by Kraftwerk in around 1972 and is the only EMS Synthi that Florian owned, and was used at Kraftwerk's Kling Klang studio. See a 1973 performance by Kraftwerk below. Kraftwerk also used an EMS Synthi on their 1974 album “Autobahn.” Features include three oscillators, a 16x16 pin matrix, 20 pins, ring modulator, envelope filter, reverberation, and more. The unit has a green 0 sticker on the upper left hand corner. Includes suitcase with working latches. Power cable not included.
In his memoir Florian Schneider recalls the original acquisition of the Synthi: "A certain Konrad Schnitzler from Berlin brings the first portable synthesizer from London, 007 sends his regards, in a briefcase, designed by the English company EMS, smuggled past customs for a whopping DM 4,500, which was a lot of money back then. A highly interesting device, actually a mobile miniature electronic studio, including built-in speakers and reverb coil". Kraftwerk mit "Tanzmusik" 1973 im ZDF-aspekte-Studio
video upload by DJ NewRom
[Fundstück: aspekte stellte 1973 "neue deutsche Musikgruppen" vor - hier einer der ersten Fernsehauftritte von Kraftwerk mit "Tanzmusik".]
Hameg Performance Played HM 107 Oscillograph
Starting Bid $25
Estimate $500 - $700 USD [something tells me this will go for much more]
A Hameg HM 107 tube oscillograph, presumably made in Germany during the 1960s, from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider (see image) who was a founding member and bandleader of Kraftwerk. The Oscillograph displays signal voltage which can be analyzed for frequency, distortion, amplitude, and other factors. Includes power cable (240v, type C) and one black probe. According to the Florian Schneider Estate this oscilllograph pictured on stage in this video of a Kraftwerk performance from 1973. Category: Kraftwerk Provenance: PROVENANCE From the Estate of Florian Schneider Kraftwerk - Live 1973 - Remastered
video upload by WF203
[Some nice recordings of Kraftwerk that have been used as snippets a lot but never shown completely. Here's the complete footage with Ralf and Florian. Wir können nicht so gut reden, deshalb machen wir Musik - We are not so good at talking, that is why we make music.]
Dynacord Echocord Super Tape Echo Unit
Starting Bid $800
Estimate $3,000 - $5,000 USD
A 1960s Dynacord Echocord Super tube tape echo unit from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider. Features two instrument and two mic inputs, each with independent volume and tone controls, controls for reverb amount and duration, an overall tone, and push buttons for head selection, Reverb, Fast and Slow modes, and On/Off. Also has DIN inputs and outputs and power cable with type C connector. Works with 220v.
According to the Florian Schneider Estate, this tape echo unit was used to multiply and echo flute tones, in particular during early live performances of the song "Ruckzuck" in 1970 - see previous lot.
Florian Schneider refers to the use of the Dynacord in his memoir:
"The handicap with the quiet, delicate flute, always drowned out by loud drumming, the strumming of the electric guitar, etc.
A microphone, amplifier, and loudspeaker are needed.
Ralf H's eternally booming electric organ ultimately takes a wind player's breath away, so it's important to prolong the second wind, preferably with an echo/reverb device from Dynacord, and then the flute parts multiply and also sound much longer."
Dimensions: 12.5 x 9 x 5.5 inches
Category: Kraftwerk
Provenance: PROVENANCE From the Estate of Florian Schneider
1930s Telefunken Volks-Trautonium Pre-Synthesizer, #247
Estimate
$5,000 - $7,000 USD
Starting Bid $1,500
Telefunken Trautonium Ela T 42 “Volkstrautonium,” serial #247, in an attractive wood cabinet. “The People’s Trautonium” debuted at the 1933 Berlin Radio Exhibition, but reportedly only a scant few sold –– estimated production numbers vary from 30-50 –– making this an exceedingly rare instrument. This one comes from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk, who purchased it directly from Trautonium inventor Oscar Sala during a visit with his students from Karlsruhe University of Arts and Design, where he was a professor. It features a string input device with seven auxiliary keys, a three octave range and controls for Register, Stimmung (Mood) A-C, and a slider for the positioning of the auxiliary keys. Includes fold-out music stand built into the lid. Cable not present.
Dimensions: 29 x 17 x 10 inches
Category: Instruments & Equipment
Provenance: PROVENANCE From the Estate of Florian Schneider

Korg PS-3200 Polyphonic Synthesizer with PS-3010 Keyboard
Starting Bid $1,500
Estimate $8,000 - $10,000 USD
A Korg PS-3200 synthesizer, serial #210105, paired with a Korg PS-3010 keyboard, serial #780301. This set comes from the personal studio collection of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk fame. The rare PS-3200 features 16 patch memory locations, 48 note polyphony, temperament adjustment, 2 VCOs per voice each with their own VCF and LFOs, low pass, and envelope generator. The PS-3010 connects via a 60 pin cable (not included) and is a 48 note keyboard with X-Y manipulator, trigger select, and momentary switch.
Dimensions: 3200: 35.5 x 16.5 x 14 inches 3010: 39 x 10 x 4 inches
Category: Kraftwerk
Provenance: PROVENANCE From the Estate of Florian Schneider
Korg synthesizer & VC-10 Vocoder on Metal Rolling Stand
Starting Bid $25
Estimate $2,000 - $4,000 USD
A Korg VC-10 Vocoder and MS-20 Synthesizer on a metal rolling stand from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider, co-founder of Kraftwerk. Kraftwerk is well known for using the VC-10 analog vocoder, which has an MC-01 gooseneck microphone attached to the top of the unit with sends the user’s voice through the unit’s 20 band analyses and EQ, with 32 keys, 32 note polyphony, modulation, pitch control, output balance, phone level, and overall output level. The MS-20, serial #149773, features 37 keys, 2 VCOs per voice, modulation wheel, a patch bay using 1/4 inch jacks, two oscillator control sections, mixer, filters, Mod and Envelope Generator sections, controls for modulation frequency and cutoff, and a bank of controls for external signal processing. Includes grey metal two tier rolling stand.
Dimensions: 50.5 x 23 x 24 inches
Category: Kraftwerk
Provenance: PROVENANCE From the Estate of Florian Schneider
Green Rack with "Analysis" Section for Mayer-Eppler Vocoder
Starting Bid $800
Estimate $3,000 - $5,000 USD
A green rack case with a pair of U73b compressors perched atop a large rack containing a Wandel-Goltermann Bandpass (serial #4014) with Isolated Amplifier system from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk. According to a Facebook post which can be viewed here, this is the "analysis" section of a vocoder which was never completed after the death of Dr. Werner Meyer-Eppler, purchased by Florian Schneider via eBay. The green rack contains an unmounted pair of U73b compressors (serials 367 and 885) in a metal enclosure and a power cable for that unit. Beneath it sits a large metal rack finished in grey hammertone which contains a WG “Bandpaß Satz hit Trennverstärker” and a mass of wires connecting outputs to inputs and vice versa. On one side of the large grey rack is an extendable arm with a tray at the end which hides a cable for some sort of controller which is not included. This rack stack is sat atop a wooden support with casters.
Dimensions: 58.5 x 37 x 32 inches
Category: Kraftwerk
Provenance: PROVENANCE From the Estate of Florian Schneider
Large Rack of Audio Equipment #1 w/Sennheiser VSM-201
Starting Bid $7,000
stimate $30,000 - $50,000 USD
"A large rack with 15 devices mounted to it from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk. This rack is on wheels and includes black magnets with neon green numbers likely indicating connected sources, green number stickers on two units, and yellow circular numbered stickers. The included modules are as follows: a Doepfer Musikelekronik VMC32, a Moon Modular 552, a Moon Modular 500, a modular rack containing a RS-240 Frequency Shifter, Tiptop Z3000, two Doepfer A-132-3s, a Doepfer A-182-1, Doepfer A-191, and two Doepfer A-181s, and a Vocoder RV-12, a Telefunken power supply, a Synton Syntovox 22, and a Sennheiser Vocoder VSM-201 finished in grey, which Kraftwerk was famous for using on the albums Man Machine (1978) and Computerworld (1981). The vocoder includes an original olive drab road case stamped “Sennheiser Sound Effect Vocoder” on the lid.
It is believed that only a few dozen of the Vocoder VSM-201 were produced, and were generally finished in black. This grey example is extremely rare, possibly unique.
Dimensions: 88.5 x 24 x 24 inches
Category: Kraftwerk, Equipment
Provenance: PROVENANCE From the Estate of Florian Schneider"
Large Rack of Audio Equipment w/ Doepfer Schaltwerk Sequencer, Sequentix Cirklon
Starting Bid $1,500
Estimate $6,000 - $8,000 USD
A large audio equipment rack with 7 devices mounted to it plus additional devices stored on shelves and on the bottom of the unit. This rack comes from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider, founding member of Kraftwerk, and was formerly installed at Kling Klang Studio. It contains the following devices: a Roland A-110 MIDI Display, an Akai ME20An MIDI Arpeggiator, an Akai ME10D MIDI Digital Delay, an SND SAM-16 Sequential Analogue Memory, a Yamaha MEP4 MIDI processor, a Doepfer Schaltwerk MIDI Trigger Sequencer, and a Sequentix Cirklon sequencer. Additional gear includes an SND ACME-4 clock management system, a Realistic Sound Level Meter, a Kenton USB host, a USB stick, a Roland MPU-105, a Rosendahl MIF MIDI timecode interface, and a Studiomaster MIDI analyzer. A light is mounted on the very top and the rack unit is accompanied by a tangled bundle of wires, some for power and other for signal.
Dimensions: 76.5 x 37 x 22.3 inches
Category: Kraftwerk
Provenance: PROVENANCE From the Estate of Florian Schneider
Large Rack of Audio Equipment #2 w/MIDIMoog, Roland, Studio Electronics, Summit, Quantec and Yamaha
Starting Bid $5,000
Estimate $20,000 - $30,000 USD
A large rack with eight devices mounted to it and more stored on the bottom from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk, where it can be seen in an image below. This rack is on wheels and includes black magnets with neon green numbers likely indicating connected sources and yellow circular numbered stickers. Mounted audio devices include a Yamaha TX81Z Tone Generator, a MIDIMoog by Studio Electronics (serial #1118), a Quantec 2492 “Yardstick” room simulator, a Summit Audio EQP-200B Program Equalizer, a Summit Audio DCL-200 Dual Compressor Limiter, a power strip, a Roland Super Jupiter Programmer, and a Studio Electronics P-Five (a Prophet 5 synthesizer re-housed into a rack unit with MIDI functionality). The following audio devices are stored on the bottom of the rack unit: Hammond XMC-1 and XM-1 Drawbar Sound Module and controller, a Quantec 2402/F “Yardstick,” an Analogue Solutions Europa hardware sequencer an XLR to 1/4” box, a MIDI Solutions Event Processor, an SND MIDI Converter, a Kenton Thru-5, a Doepfer MSY2, a number of AC adapters, and a SITECOM Gigaswitch. Includes second power strip, a tray on a scissor boom arm, a lamp on a scissor boom arm, and a bundle of assorted and tangled cables.
According to the consignor the MIDIMoog was used at Kraftwerk's studio Kling Klang.
Dimensions: 97 x 29 x 28 inches
Category: Kraftwerk
Provenance: PROVENANCE From the Estate of Florian Schneider
Large Rack of Audio Equipment #3
Starting Bid $2,000
Estimate $12,000 - $15,000 USD
A large rack with 17 devices mounted to it from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk (see images). This rack is on wheels and includes a large bundle of cables, black magnets with neon green numbers likely indicating connected sources, power strips, and other small devices of unknown function. The included modules are as follows: a Sirus Pro dB Level Meter, an Eventide Omnipressor compressor unit, a Garfield Electronics Doctor Click 2 rhythm controller with manual, a Korg digital chromatic tuner, an SND FB14s fixed filter, an EMS 8 Octave Filter Bank, Akai MFC-42 Analog Filter Module, two Klangfilm RZ-062B tube three band EQs in a custom black rack enclosure, a Bode model 735 Frequency Shifter MK II with a smiley face sticker on the center dial, a Ferrofish A16 AD/DA converter, a 7 space power strip, a Behringer X32 Digital Rack Mixer, a Franz EMT 156 PDM Compressor, and a Brüel & Kjaer Type 5547 Spectrum Shaper. Also includes two snakes, a large power strip on the back, a Living Audionic LAD-80 sitting on top of the Eventide, and a device with an 8 digit display.
Dimensions: 88.5 x 24 x 24 inches
Category: Kraftwerk
Provenance: PROVENANCE From the Estate of Florian Schneider
Two Hand-Built MIDI Devices with Matrix Switches & Phoneme Keyboard with Stand
A pair of hand built MIDI-based devices in metal enclosures from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider, co-founder of the legendary electronic band Kraftwerk (see image). These two devices were built by Schneider himself. According to the Estate of Florian Schneider these devices were in-use at Kraftwerk's Kling Klang studio in conjunction with the Robovox and Votrax Silver Rack Case in the previous lot.The first has a phoneme keyboard with 40 keys hardwired to a pair of Doepfer MIDI boards, one being a CTM64 dated 2007. On the top panel, bank of four potentiometers with unspecified functions, an on/off switch with indicator lamp, a VU meter, and a two way toggle switch and momentary push button on the left hand side. On the back panel a single MIDI jack, an IEC power cable receptracle, and fuse holder. On the bottom of the unit is a Votrax/Federal Screw Works plaque indicating model 6-931 (the company’s phoneme keyboard, likely the donor for this unit) and the serial #9786 8M28. It wears a high voltage warning sticker on the front side.
The second unit contains a pair of Doepfer CTM64 MIDI boards hand wired to matrix switches on the top panel, which has two banks of potentiometers on either side with various hand labeled functions. There are also a pair of two way toggle switches and yellow momentary buttons, an on/off switch, and an indicator lamp.
Lot includes the metal stand on which they were kept in Schneider's studio.
Dimensions: 16 x 10 x 9 inches (each) Stand: 43.5 x 30.5 x 17 inches
Category: Kraftwerk
Provenance: PROVENANCE From the Estate of Florian Schneider
Medium Sized Slanted Rack w/Yamaha Tx 81Z, Korg SDD-3000
Starting Bid $25
Estimate $1,000 - $2,000 USD
A medium-sized slanted rack with five audio devices mounted to it from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider, founding member of the highly influential electronic band Kraftwerk. The rack is slanted and contains the following units: a Korg SDD-3000 Digital Delay, a Yamaha TX81Z FM Tone Generator, a Roland M-16E 16 Channel Mixer with handwritten notes on tape affixed to the lower portion of the face plate, a Boss Prot SE-50 Stereo Effects Processor, and a black plate next to it with only an LED and a small button. There are 9 single unit spaces open on the bottom of the rack. Includes cabling.
Dimensions: 48 x 22 x 22 inches
Category: Kraftwerk
Provenance: PROVENANCE From the Estate of Florian Schneider
Silver Road Case with Roland SVC-350, MPU 104/105, VP-70, Korg KMP-68, DVP-1
Starting Bid $25
Estimate $4,000 - $6,000 USD
A silver road case containing six audio devices from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk (see image). The road case contains the following devices: a Roland MPU-104 MIDI Input Selector, a Roland MPU-105 MIDI Output Selector, a Korg KMP-68 MIDI Patchbay, a Roland VP-70 Voice Processor, a Roland SVC-350 Vocoder, and a Korg DVP-1 Digital Voice Processor. The VP-70 is marked with the number 47 in neon green lettering as well as the number 50 on a yellow circular sticker, and the DVP-1 is marked 45 on the left hand side and 40 on the right; the number 38 has fallen to the bottom of the case. Includes three power strips and a spare MIDI cable. Case is on casters and does not include front and back covers.
Dimensions: 45.2 x 22 x 21 inches
Category: Kraftwerk
Provenance: PROVENANCE From the Estate of Florian Schneider
Maihak E-W49 Hi and Lo Pass Filter #36
Starting Bid $25
Estimate $1,000 - $2,000 USD
A Maihak E-W49 passive hi- and lo-pass filer c.1950, serial #36, from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk, where it can be seen in an image below. This is a rare filter unit that’s entirely passive, meaning it does not require power to operate, and features two 1/4 inch jacks for input and output, a switch for Durchgeschaltet (bypass), Uberverzerrer (On), Schwach and Stark slider (Weak and Strong), and a slider with two handles for Obere Grenzirequenz (High Frequency Limit) and Untere Grenzirequenz (Lower Limit Frequency), the latter controls allowing for cutting high and low frequencies at specific points from 30Hz to 10kHz. Includes a black stand with two wheels on the upper legs. The unit has black square magnets on one side indicating the numbers 12 and 7, the latter covered by a yellow sticker which has “50” on it.
Dimensions: 24 x 22.5 x10 inches
Category: Kraftwerk
Provenance: PROVENANCE From the Estate of Florian Schneider
Kling Klang Moog 16 Channel Vocoder
Starting Bid $2,500
Estimate $10,000 - $15,000 USD
A Moog 16 Channel Vocoder from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider, co-founding member of Kraftwerk. This Moog Vocoder has 16 analyzer output channels and synthesizer inputs, a 1/4 inch mic input, a 1/4 inch carrier input jack, Sample/Hold and External Patch on/off switches, Balance and Mode controls, power on/off, and output jack with a volume control. On the back panel, an IEC power cable connector (220v) and three 1/4 inch jacks for Bypass, Patch Select, and Sample functions. Includes sixteen red and grey patch cables.
According to the consignor, this Vocoder was also used at Kraftwerk's studio Kling Klang.
Dimensions: 19 x 15.5 x 7 inches
Category: Kraftwerk
Provenance: PROVENANCE From the Estate of Florian Schneider
Four Moog 900 Series Modules in Metal Enclosure
Starting Bid
$1,000
Estimate $4,000 - $6,000 USD
Four Moog 900 series modules in a metal enclosure from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk fame. This lot includes the following modules: a 904-A Voltage Controlled Low Pass Filter, a 904-C Filter Coupler, a 904-B Voltage Controlled Hi Pass Filter, and a 907 Fixed Filter Bank. All filters are marked “R.A. Moog” on the front panel and three have serial number stickers on the back. All modules are wired into a shared IEC power cable connector (cable not included, 220v), fuse, and on/off switch. Includes three grey patch cables.
Dimensions: 21.5 x 10.75 x 9 inches
Category: Kraftwerk
Provenance: PROVENANCE From the Estate of Florian Schneider
Sony CRF-320 Short Wave Radio Reciever Starting Bid $25 Estimate $800 - $1,200 USD A Sony CRF-320 portable radio receiver, serial #61564, from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk. A short wave synthesized dual conversion receiver with 32 bands, selection between FM, LW, MW, and SW, tone and volume controls, antenna tuning, collapsible antenna, and more. Includes power cable with type C connector. Dimensions: 18 x 12 x 8 inches Category: Kraftwerk Provenance: PROVENANCE From the Estate of Florian Schneider
1980s Elektronika EM-26 Vocoder USSR
Starting Bid $25
Estimate $200 - $400 USD
An extremely rare 1980s Elektronika EM-26 Soviet vocoder from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk. Only two vocoders were ever produced in the USSR, this being one of them. This vocoder synthesizes voice and other signals and has controls for Vibrato, Vocoder, Level, and Strings, as well as pitch bending, chorus, violin/cello voices, and 1/4 inch jacks on the back panel. Includes attached power cable with two prong connector, requires 220v. Non-functional.
Dimensions: 22 x 12 x 3 inches
Category: Kraftwerk
Provenance: PROVENANCE From the Estate of Florian Schneider
Roland VP-330 Vocoder Plus Synthesizer Keyboard
Starting Bid
$25
Estimate $2,000 - $4,000 USD
A Roland VP-330 Vocoder Plus Paraphonic synthesizer keyboard, serial #062023, from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider, co-founding member and band leader of legendary German electronic band Kraftwerk. The extremely rare VP330 was only made from 1979-1980 with 49 keys, a built-in XLR input for vocoding, slider controls for mixing Direct and Vocoder sounds, Vibrato, Human Voice chorus generator with Male/Female/Ensemble selectors, on-board string sounds, pitch shifting and master volume. On the back panel are 1/4 inch outputs, jacks for external controls, and headphone jack. Includes attached power cable, 220v.
Dimensions: 35.5 x 14.5 x 5.5 inches
Category: Kraftwerk
Provenance: PROVENANCE From the Estate of Florian Schneider
Korg MS-50 Semi-Modular Synthesizer and SQ-10 Sequencer
Starting Bid
$25
Estimate $2,000 - $4,000 USD
A Korg MS-50 semi-modular synthesizer, serial #191085) and an SQ-10 sequencer (serial#152780) from the personal studio and collection of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk (see image). The MS-50 was designed to pair with the SQ-10, and together they’re a dynamic synth duo. The MS-50 is a monophonic synthesizer with a VCO, VCF, and VCA plus envelope, modulation, sample and hold, ring modulator, and noise generator. The SQ-10 has three channel output and 12 steps per channel, and it’s mounted to two metal legs on either side of its chassis for wall mounting. Both units have type C power plugs and require 240v. MS-50 includes 16 patch cables.
Dimensions: MS-50: 22.5 x 9.5 x 6.75 inches SQ-10: 19.75 x 17 x 13 inches
Category: Kraftwerk
Provenance: PROVENANCE From the Estate of Florian Schneider
Korg PS-3100 Polyphonic Synthesizer, Textured Metal
Starting Bid
$2,500
Estimate $10,000 - $20,000 USD
A c.1977 Korg PS-3100 synthesizer in a wood cabinet covered in textured metal, serial #806268, from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider, co-founding member of the highly influential electronic band Kraftwerk (see images). According to the Estate of Florian Schneider, this PS-3100 was in use at Kling Klang, Kraftwerk's personal studio. The Korg PS-3100 features a built-in 48 note keyboard with a Voltage Controlled Oscillator, Filter, Amplifier, and Envelope Generator per key which makes it totally polyphonic. The black forward-facing control panel has 12 Temperament Adjustment controls for fine-tuning intonation, controls for Signal Generators, Dynamic Filters, Envelope, Resonators, a Sample & Hold feature, and Volume control for headphones, Direct, and Final, plus a patchbay on the right hand side. Also equipped with MIDI In and Thru jacks and a modulation wheel. There is a neon green 15 on the right hand side of the control panel as well as a small yellow sticker with “15” written on it in pen. Wood cabinet is covered in textured metal. Includes power cable.
Dimensions: 32.5 x 21 x 14 inches
Category: Kraftwerk
Provenance: PROVENANCE From the Estate of Florian Schneider
Korg PS-3200 Polyphonic Synthesizer with PS-3010 Keyboard and 60 Pin Cable, Metal Covering
Starting Bid $3,000
Estimate $15,000 - $25,000 USD
A c.1978 Korg PS-3200 synthesizer, serial #210082, paired with a Korg PS-3010 keyboard (#90508), both covered in textured metal over wood cabinets. This set comes from the personal studio collection of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk fame. The rare PS-3200 features 16 patch memory locations, 48 note polyphony, temperament adjustment, 2 VCOs per voice each with their own VCF and LFOs, low pass, and envelope generator. There are two circular yellow stickers at the Voltage Processor MIDI jacks marked “12” and “11” as well as a neon green number 14 on the upper right hand corner. The PS-3010 connects via a 60 pin cable (not included) and is a 48 note keyboard with X-Y manipulator, trigger select, and momentary switch. Includes 60 pin connector cable, IEC power cable not included.
According to the Florian Schneider Estate this synthesizer and keyboard were both used at Kraftwerk's studio Kling Klang.
Dimensions: 3200: 35.5 x 16.5 x 14 inches 3010: 39 x 10 x 4 inches
Category: Kraftwerk
Provenance: PROVENANCE From the Estate of Florian Schneider
Kling Klang Arp 2600 Model 2602 Synthesizer
Starting Bid $2,000
Estimate $8,000 - $12,000 USD
A c.1975 ARP model 2602 synthesizer, serial #0043, from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider, founding member of the highly influential electronic band Kraftwerk (see image). Also in use at Kraftwerk's Kling Klang studio. The 2602 was the European version of the 2601 synthesizer, itself a refinement of the legendary 2600 synthesizer responsible for a host of otherworldly sounds including R2-D2, the beloved droid from Star Wars. Features include Envelope Follower, Ring Modulator, three Voltage Controlled Oscillators, Noise Generator, Sample & Hold, VCA, and Mixer. Includes 3620 keyboard, serial #0043A with split, spliced cable and case lid. The 2602 has a neon green 7 in the upper right hand area as well as a piece of grey tape with “7” hand inscribed on it. The synthesizer lacks its lid and has a metal wall mount installed on one side. Includes six cables.
Traditional Lederhosen
Starting Bid $25
Estimate $200 - $300 USD
A traditional German lederhosen, from the personal collection of Kraftwerk founding member Florian Schneider. The grey suede garment features deep hunter green leather piping and straps. No size or label present.
Category: Clothing, Kraftwerk
Provenance: PROVENANCE From the Estate of Florian Schneider
"Kraftwerk 2" Record Album Signed to His Mother
Starting Bid $25
Estimate $300 - $500 USD
A copy of Kraftwerk's second studio album, Kraftwerk 2 (1972), signed and inscribed on the cover in blue ink by Florian to his mother. The inscription reads: "Fur meine mami / von ihrem sohn / Florian / Weinachten 1971" (For my mother, from her son Florian, Christmas 1971).
Dimensions: 12.5 x 12.5 inches
Category: Kraftwerk, record
Provenance: PROVENANCE From the Estate of Florian Schneider
The following are the additional pics for the above, followed by additional listings that start with the Rheem Kee Bass
With EMS Synthi AKS
Hameg Performance Played HM 107 Oscillograph / oscilloscope to the right.
Rack Mount Sennheiser VSM-201 Vocoder
Dynacord Echocord Super Tape Echo Unit
1930s Telefunken Volks-Trautonium Pre-Synthesizer, #247
Korg PS-3200 Polyphonic Synthesizer with PS-3010 Keyboard
Korg synthesizer & VC-10 Vocoder on Metal Rolling Stand
Green Rack with "Analysis" Section for Mayer-Eppler Vocoder
Large Rack of Audio Equipment #1 w/Sennheiser VSM-201
Large Rack of Audio Equipment w/ Doepfer Schaltwerk Sequencer, Sequentix Cirklon
Large Rack of Audio Equipment #2 w/MIDIMoog, Roland, Studio Electronics, Summit, Quantec and Yamaha
Large Rack of Audio Equipment #3
Two Hand-Built MIDI Devices with Matrix Switches & Phoneme Keyboard with Stand
Medium Sized Slanted Rack w/Yamaha Tx 81Z, Korg SDD-3000
Silver Road Case with Roland SVC-350, MPU 104/105, VP-70, Korg KMP-68, DVP-1
Maihak E-W49 Hi and Lo Pass Filter #36
Kling Klang Moog 16 Channel Vocoder
Four Moog 900 Series Modules in Metal Enclosure
Sony CRF-320 Short Wave Radio Reciever
1980s Elektronika EM-26 Vocoder USSR
Roland VP-330 Vocoder Plus Synthesizer Keyboard
1980s Elektronika EM-26 Vocoder USSR
Korg MS-50 Semi-Modular Synthesizer and SQ-10 Sequencer
Korg PS-3100 Polyphonic Synthesizer, Textured Metal
Korg PS-3200 Polyphonic Synthesizer with PS-3010 Keyboard and 60 Pin Cable, Metal Covering
Kling Klang Arp 2600 Model 2602 Synthesizer
Traditional Lederhosen
Kraftwerk 2" Record Album Signed to His Mother
Additional synths and midi gear:
Rheem Kee Bass Monophonic Bass Keyboard
Estimate $400 - $600 USD
Starting Bid $25
A Rheem Kee Bass monophonic bass keyboard, serial #2502-135, in a black case with red and grey accents. From the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider, the Kee Bass was one of the earliest string bass emulators, equipped with stand out features including a bass booster, mellow/bright tone switch, Fuzz on/off, sustain/percussion switch, and two decay types. While it lives in its own case, the lid is missing. Does not include IEC power cable (requires 240v).
Dimensions: 19.5 x 13.5 x 6 inches
Yamaha CS-30 Synthesizer, Black
Estimate
$1,000 - $2,000 USD
Starting Bid $25
A Yamaha CS-30 synthesizer, serial #4291. Made in Japan from 1977-1980, the CS-30 synth featured on numerous Kraftwerk songs and this one comes from the personal studio of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk. The CS-30 is a 44 key monophonic synth with an 8 step sequencer with two VCOs and a host of knobs and sliders for controlling the on-board sounds. Back panel features include attached power cable with Type C European plug, voltage selector, three 1/4 inch outputs, foot controller connector, Sequencer outputs, Voltage in and out, Trigger, in and out, and added outs for Octave, VCO 1/2, and VCO 1.
Roland MKS-80 Super Jupiter Synthesizer
Estimate $2,000 - $3,000 USD
Starting Bid $25
A Roland MKS-80 Super Jupiter synthesizer sound module, serial #542612, from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk. Features 2 VCOs per voice, 2 LFOs, 8 voice polyphony, 64 patches in memory, memory cartridge slot, MIDI in/out/thru connections on the back, and both 1/4 inch and XLR outs. Setup to run on 117v with an IEC connector on the back. Missing rack mount panels.
Korg MS-10 Synthesizer
Starting Bid $25
Estimate $800 - $1,200 USD
Korg MS-03 Signal Processor and MS-02 Interface
Estimate $1,000 - $2,000 USD
Starting Bid $25
Signal Processor MS-03, serial #181621, and a Korg Interface MS-02, serial #171465, both from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk.
The MS-03 Signal Processor converts audio inputs –– microphone and guitar, for example –– into controlled voltage for use with a wide range of analog synthesizers. Simply power up the device (type C attached cable and 220v) and place it between an audio source and the synthesizer’s VCO CV IN or Trigger Gate inputs. Includes controls for Input Level, Range selection, Mode, Portamento time, FREQ and WIDTH for tuning a non Korg or Yamaha sythesizer to the guitar. The MS-02 is a device intended for connection Korg synthesizers to those from other brands, changing the control signals of one brand to that of the other. It has controls for Log and Antilog Frequency and Width, Channel levels, Trigger processors, and an array of 1/4 inch jacks for making the appropriate connections.
Korg Poly-800 Synthesizer Keyboard
Estimate $200 - $400 USD
Starting Bid $25
Yamaha DX-100 Digital Synthesizer Keyboard
Estimate $100 - $200 USD
Starting Bid $25
A Yamaha DX-100 digital synthesizer keyboard in black, serial #24185, from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk. The Yamaha DX-100 features 49 keys marked with stickers denoting various phonetic sounds, 192 presets, up to 24 user-programmed sounds, pitch and modulation wheels, breath control and MIDI connections, and jacks for footswitch, output, headphones, and DC IN. Power adapter not included.
Casio CZ-101 Synthesizer Keyboard
Estimate $200 - $400 USD
Starting Bid $25
A 1980s Casio CZ-101 synthesizer keyboard from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk fame. The CZ-101 features 49 mini keys, strap pegs, 1/4 inch line and headphone outs, MIDI jacks, programmable memory with an LCD screen, on-board effects, and a slot for an optional RAM cartridge. Stickers of the numbers 36 and 74 in are affixed above two keys, with vowel and consonant stickers on both white and black keys. Power supply not included.
Korg RK-100 Remote Keyboard
Estimate $400 - $600 USD
Starting Bid$25
A 1980s Korg RK-100 Remote Keyboard in black, serial #001867, from the personal studio and collection of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk. It features 37 black and grey keys, 8 banks of 8 programs, program selection buttons on the body and the neck, as well as wheels for Volume, Bend, and “MG” with destination and octave switches. Also has MIDI output. Includes camouflage Levy’s strap. Requires 9v power supply or batteries (not included). Without case.
c.1979 Korg Rhythm 55 Drum Machine
Estimate $2,000 - $3,000 USD
Starting Bid $25
A c.1979 Korg Rhythm 55 drum machine, serial #253631, from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk and formerly in use at Kling Klang studio. The Rhythm 55 is a preset drum machine with 48 patterns (16 buttons with A, B, and C sounds each), tempo control, Swing/All Rhythm switch, On/Off Volume control, Intro/Fill In button, and volume controls for each portion of the drum kit. Back panel features include High and Low outputs, Trigger out, two footswitch jacks, a Trigger Select switch, and an attached cable with Type C plug. On the right hand side is an added panel with an aftermarket MIDI jack installed. On the front right hand side is a piece of tape inscribed “EIN.”
1980s Korg KPR-77 Drum Machine
Estimate $800 - $1,200 USD
Starting Bid $25
A 1980s Korg KPR-77 drum machine, serial #455046, from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider, founding member and band leader of highly influential German electronic band Kraftwerk. This drum machine features two toms, kick, snare, hi-hat, cymbal/claps, accent, and metronome sounds with individual volume sliders for each sound, a power on/off volume, tempo control, and the ability to hold up to 48 patterns of 32 steps in memory. Also features an LCD screen for easy reference, and back panel jacks for output, headphones, start/stop control, Trigger, MIDI sync, and Tape in/out. Power adapter not included, non-functional.
1980s Yamaha DD-10 Drum Machine
Estimate $100 - $200 USD
Starting Bid $25
A 1980s Yamaha DD-10 drum machine, serial #047928, from the collection and studio of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk. Features a black plastic casing, power on/off switch, a slider for volume, 8 pads with velocity, and sound banks. Back panel features include MIDI connection, foot pedal input, and 1/4 inch outputs. Includes original box, manual, and type C 12v power adapter.
Roland Drumatix TR-606 Drum Machine
Estimate $500 - $800 USD
Starting Bid$25
A 1980s Roland Dramatix drum machine with an added MIDI jack and switch on the back panel from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk fame and formerly in use at Kling Klang, Kraftwerk's personal studio. This analog drum synthesizer allows the user to program rhythms with its sequencer, with built-in memory for 32 patterns. Includes controls for Temp, Track/Instrument, Mode, Volume, and individual volumes for each part of the drum kit. Power adapter not included.
Korg MS20iC USB MIDI Controller (A)
Estimate $100 - $200 USD
Starting Bid $25
A Korg MS20ic USB MIDI controller, serial #006992, in black. This synth comes from the personal collection of Florian Schneider and is a downsized USB controller version of the MS20 synthesizer designed as a real-world representation for what’s happening within Korg’s Legacy computer software. While it has no on board sounds, it features 37 keys, modulation wheel, a patch bay using 1/8 inch jacks, two oscillator control sections, mixer, filters, Mod and Envelope Generator sections, controls for modulation frequency and cutoff, and a bank of controls for external signal processing. Includes three patch cables.
Korg MS20iC USB MIDI Controller (B)
Estimate $200 - $400 USD
Starting Bid $25
A Korg MS20ic USB MIDI controller, serial #008861, in black. This synth comes from the personal collection of Florian Schneider and is a downsized USB controller version of the MS20 synthesizer designed as a real-world representation for what’s happening within Korg’s Legacy computer software. While it has no on board sounds, it features 37 keys, modulation wheel, a patch bay using 1/8 inch jacks, two oscillator control sections, mixer, filters, Mod and Envelope Generator sections, controls for modulation frequency and cutoff, and a bank of controls for external signal processing. Includes three grey patch cables.
Korg MS20iC USB MIDI Controller (C)
Estimate $100 - $200 USD
Starting Bid $25
A Korg MS20iC USB MIDI controller, serial #002366, in black. This synth comes from the personal collection of Florian Schneider and is a downsized USB controller version of the MS20 synthesizer designed as a real-world representation for what’s happening within Korg’s Legacy computer software. While it has no on board sounds, it features 37 keys, modulation wheel, a patch bay using 1/8 inch jacks, two oscillator control sections, mixer, filters, Mod and Envelope Generator sections, controls for modulation frequency and cutoff, and a bank of controls for external signal processing. Includes two yellow patch cables and a black magnet with a neon yellow number 6. It also has a neon yellow circular sticker with the number 1 written on it in pen. There are cracks on both plastic sides, see condition report for more information.
Mobius Future Retro Sequencer
Estimate $100 - $200 USD
Starting Bid $25
A Mobius Future Retro sequencer, serial #FRM081US334, from the home studio of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk. The Mobius is a one track sequencer which works with most MIDI devices and features 256 patterns, 16 buttons for selecting pattern or song, and inputs for external control of parameters. Requires 12v power adapter (not included).
Doepfer VMC-32 MIDI Mixer In Grey Metal Rack Case
A Doepfer VMC-32 32 channel rack mount MIDI mixer in a grey metal enclosure, serial #920932. From the collection and personal studio of Kraftwerk’s Florian Schneider, this mixer has MIDI In and Out jacks on the back plus a connection for a 9v adapter. On the front panel, 32 sliders for mixing volume for each channel. Installed in a metal case with a grey exterior.
Dimensions: 20.5 x 16 x 8.5 inches
Doepfer MAQ16/3 48 Channel MIDI Sequencer
Estimate $400 - $600 USD
Starting Bid $25
A Doepfer MAQ16/3 MIDI Sequencer, possibly a prototype, from the collection and personal studio of Kraftwerk’s Florian Schneider, who developed this device with Doepfer in the 1990s. This MAQ16/3 has a brushed metal faceplate with clear labels with printed letters and numbers instead of silkscreened control names including each row of 16 channels, eight buttons, and Doepfer logo on the bottom right hand corner. Features 48 rotary controls on the front panel and an LED screen, and only MIDI In and Out connections on the back with a piece of tape covering a third port.
Sycologic AMI Analog to MIDI Interface
Estimate $200 - $400 USD
Starting Bid $25
A Sycologic AMI serial #050, from the personal studio of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk fame. A very rare piece of studio equipment, the AMI converts CV (Controlled Voltage) to MIDI signals used by outboard gear. Front panel features include 8 Pitch inputs, 8 Gate inputs, and 8 Dynamic & Control inputs, plus four switches for Dual, Mono, Control, and Channel plus small LED display. On the back, two Sync inputs, a MIDI out, and an IEC cable connector (cable not included). Runs on 240v power.
Yamaha MCS2 Midi Controller (A)
Estimate $100 - $200 USD
Starting Bid $25
A Yamaha MCS2 midi controller, serial #2726, from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk. The MCS2 controls MIDI changes with its sliders, rollers, and buttons, allowing the user to track patches and programs via the backlit LCD screen. Features two sliders for Controller and Parameter, two wheels for Pitch Bend and Modulation, buttons for program changes, and a handy key inscribed on the face detailing various parameters. Back panel features include MIDI 1 and 2 inputs, MIDI out, and four 1/4 inch jacks for foot controllers. Power adapter not included.
Yamaha MCS2 MIDI Controller (B)
Estimate $100 - $200 USD
Starting Bid $25
A Yamaha MCS2 midi controller, serial #2086, from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk. The MCS2 controls MIDI changes with its sliders, rollers, and buttons, allowing the user to track patches and programs via the backlit LCD screen. Features two sliders for Controller and Parameter, two wheels for Pitch Bend and Modulation, buttons for program changes, and a handy key inscribed on the face detailing various parameters. Back panel features include MIDI 1 and 2 inputs, MIDI out, and four 1/4 inch jacks for foot controllers. Power adapter not included.
Yamaha MCS2 MIDI Controller (C)
Estimate $100 - $200 USD
Starting Bid $25
A Yamaha MCS2 midi controller, serial #2080, from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk. The MCS2 controls MIDI changes with its sliders, rollers, and buttons, allowing the user to track patches and programs via the backlit LCD screen. The unit has grey tape on the control surface with handwritten annotations for various functions. Features two sliders for Controller and Parameter, two wheels for Pitch Bend and Modulation, buttons for program changes, and a handy key inscribed on the face detailing various parameters. Back panel features include MIDI 1 and 2 inputs, MIDI out, and four 1/4 inch jacks for foot controllers. Power adapter not included.
JL Cooper Synapse MIDI Routing System
Estimate $200 - $400 USD
Starting Bid $25
A JL Cooper Synapse MIDI routing system, serial #A1030178, from the personal studio of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk. The Synapse is a two space rack mounted MIDI patch bay and processor which features 16 MIDI inputs, 20 MIDI outputs, programmable splitting, routing, merging, and processing, an LED display, 64 memory banks, and a PANIC feature which eliminates stuck notes. The unit runs on 240 voltage and includes an attached power cable with a type C plug. Dimensions: 19 x 7.25 x 3.5 inches
M-Audio MIDI Sport 4x 4 Anniversary Edition
Estimate $100 - $200 USD
Starting Bid $25
A limited edition M-Audio MIDI Sport 4x4 Anniversary Edition MIDI interface, serial #215A021601146, in black with green and white lettering and accents. From the personal studio of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk, this MIDI interface is powered via USB and features four inputs and four outputs, 9 green LED indicators, and a maximum of 64 channels. Cables not included.
Midi Switch Box with Speaker
Estimate $100 - $200 USD
Starting Bid $25
A 10 channel MIDI switch box with a 2.5 inch internal speaker from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk fame. The box appears to be hand-made and no manufacturer markings have been found. The front panel features an External/Internal switch and a 10 channel rotary selector while the rear has a MIDI connector, 12V adapter input, and a pair of 1/4 inch input and outputs.
Roland MPU-101 MIDI to CV Interface
Estimate $400 - $600 USD
Starting Bid $25
A c.1985 Roland MPU-101 MIDI to CV interface, serial #551149, from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk. The MPU-101 converts MIDI signals to analog control voltage for use with older Synthesizers. The MPU-101 has four channels with inputs for Dynamics and Gate, plus Bender, Modulation, Aftertouch, and Volume. It also features two switches for Assign Mode and Transpose, buttons for Hold, Clear, Tune, Mono, 2-4 Voice, and Special, a MIDI channel selector and a Tune knob. On the back panel are three MIDI jacks for In/Out/Thru as well as a power switch with an attached Type C cable (240v).
Edirol PCR-30 MIDI Keyboard Controller
Estimate $100 - $200 USD
Starting Bid $25
An Edirol PCR-30 MIDI keyboard controller, serial #ZR49857, from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk, who used this item to control software installed on his Samsung laptop. This keyboard has a silver finish and numerous handwritten annotations on the white keys, directly on the silver surfaces, and on label tape affixed to various control surfaces. The keyboard features 32 weighted keys with velocity sensitivity, 8 assignable knobs, 8 assignable faders, 9 assignable buttons, connections for sustain and expression pedals, pitch and modulation controls, USB and MIDI connections, and a DC power jack.
Korg MPK-130 MIDI Pedal Keyboard
Estimate $200 - $400 USD
Starting Bid $25
A Korg MPK-130 MIDI pedal keyboard, serial #001675, from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider, founding member of Kraftwerk. The MPK-130 is a foot pedal keyboard that connects to a synthesizer via MIDI, with three selectable octave ranges, and can be mono or polyphonic. Requires 9v power adapter, not included.
Akai EWI-1000 Breath Controller and EWV-2000 Synthesizer
Estimate $300 - $500 USD
Starting Bid $25
An Akai EWI-1000 breath controller and EWV-2000 Synthesizer unit, serial #20675-03211, from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk. The EWI-1000 has a high voltage warning sticker and features 13 Boehm system keys, pitch bend via touch-sensitive pads on the back, a seven position octave roller, and a cable which connects to the EWV-2000. The synth “brain” in the equation, the 2000 has 64 presets, controls for Vibrate, Bend, Glide, and Breath as well as output level, tuning, and input level. In the center of the unit are an array of buttons for selecting banks and sources. Lot includes EWI, EWV, and connecting cable; IEC power cable not included, requires 240v power.
EWV-2000 Rack Mount Synthesizer
Estimate $100 - $200 USD
Starting Bid $25
An Akai EWV-2000 Synthesizer unit, serial #20855-00164, from the collection and personal studio of Florian Schneider of Kraftwerk. Designed for use with the EWI-1000 breath controller, the EWV is marked with Florian’s preferred settings and pairs with and EWI via a special cable. It has 64 presets, controls for Vibrate, Bend, Glide, and Breath as well as output level, tuning, and input level. In the center of the unit are an array of buttons for selecting banks and sources. Power cable and EWI-1000 not included.
Casio DH-100 Digital Horn (A)
Estimate $100 - $200 USD
Starting Bid $25
A c. 1990s Casio DH-100 digital horn, from the wind and brass collection of Kraftwerk multi-instrumentalist, Florian Schneider.
MIDI and 1/8-inch outputs, DC 7.5 volt power. Does include a case.
Casio DH-500 Digital Horn
Estimate $200 - $400 USD
Starting Bid $25
A c. 1990s Casio DH-500 digital horn, from the wind and brass collection of Kraftwerk multi-instrumentalist, Florian Schneider.
MIDI and 1/8-inch outputs, DC 9 volt power. Housed in a black hard case. Includes neckstrap.
Dimensions: 7.5 x 27 x 11 inches (case)















































































































































































































































































































































































Thats not a Synthi AKS - the KS stands for Keyboard Sequencer, which this does not have. So its a Synthi A. Just sayin'
ReplyDeleteGood catch. Post updated.
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