KORG Officially Introduces the New ARP 2600

ARP 2600 FS | Welcome Back Published on Jan 9, 2020 ARP

Follow-up to this post.

KORG ARP 2600 FS posts

User & Dealer videos:



Playlist:
The ARP 2600: The Story of a Legendary Synthesizer | Reverb Feature
Korg ARP 2600 FS Synthesizer - All Playing, No Talking! - Kraft Music
Korg ARP 2600 FS Synthesizer - Overview with Nick Kwas - - Kraft Music
Korg Arp 2600 - 1st Look - sonicstate
ARP 2600 Semi-modular Analog Synthesizer System Demo - Sweetwater
ARP 2600 Synthesizer | Overview and Demo - Guitar Center
NEW Korg ARP 2600! | Namm 2020 - GAK - previously posted

"The Total Package

More than a synthesizer, the ARP 2600 is a complete sound design studio. Even today, the ARP 2600 stands as a bridge between the individual elements of modular synthesis and the immediacy of a production / performance instrument. Included are an ample supply of oscillators, envelopes, a filter and amplifier – all of the building blocks of analog synthesis. But the ARP 2600 goes even further, with a spring reverb tank and even a pair of built in monitor speakers. Also present is much of the versatility of a vintage modular system, including a ring modulation, lag and voltage processors, an envelope follower, audio preamp, a clock-able switch, noise source, a sample & hold module, signal inverters, an auxiliary mixer, and even a set of parallel-wired/multi jacks.

The ARP 2600 FS reproduces the sounds of these components at the circuit level. Under the supervision of David Friend, the co-founder of ARP Instruments, parts were carefully selected and every detail was adjusted to replicate the original unit's distinctive synthesis.

Profile of David Friend:
Co-founder of ARP Instruments, Inc. together with the founder Alan Robert Pearlman. In addition to designing the ARP 2600 and Odyssey, he was involved with the development of numerous products, and subsequently entered management, eventually becoming president of the company. His achievements as an entrepreneur have also been acclaimed, and in 2010 he received the "Entrepreneur of the Year" (Emerging Technology category) award from Ernst & Young. After serving as the President and CEO of Blue Archive, Inc., currently he serves as the President, CEO and Co-founder of Wasabi, as well as being a lecturer at MIT's Sloan School of Management. He is also an emeritus of the New England Conservatory and Berklee College of Music.

Normalled Pathways

Nearly every slider and switch on the ARP 2600 front panels is hard wired to specific control source. For example, the front panel controls allow the pitch of Oscillator 1 to be controlled by the keyboard (On/Off switch), the output of the Sample & Hold module (slider), the shape of the ADSR envelope generator (slider), and/or by the sine wave output of Oscillator 2 (slider), and each in varying amounts. These hardwired pathways provide massive amounts of immediate control that make excellent use of all the ARP 2600 has to offer, allowing the ARP 2600 to be played as is – no patching needed. In true modular fashion, inserting a patch cord into the jack associated with any hardwired control overrides that internal connection, letting you create a new signal path of your choosing. As a programming aid, the detailed panel graphics clearly show the available signal routings.

Patch Bay Precision

Unlike earlier modular synthesizers that relied on bulky 6.3mm (1/4") jacks and patch cords, the ARP 2600 uses a more streamlined 3.5mm (1/8”) jack that allows for more patch points to occupy the same amount of panel space, delivering more options and more versatility. Most of the patch points are arranged in a single row below the controls of the individual sound modules. This arrangement keeps the main panel clear and unobstructed for tweaking the controls during performance. Needless to say, these patchable connections and the onboard processors can be used to interact with nearly any modular or Eurorack synthesizer system.

3620 Keyboard

While faithful to the original design, the functionality of the 3620 Keyboard has been greatly enhanced for this limited ARP 2600 release. The 3620 Keyboard contains 49 full-size keys, aftertouch, portamento, and is also duophonic, allowing two keys to be played at once – Single or Multiple Triggering is available. In addition, the duophonic keyboard can use an optional foot switch to lock the interval between any two notes, without retuning the oscillators during performance. Vibrato can be added via a dedicated circuit controlled by aftertouch, or by the onboard LFO (Low Frequency Oscillator), using any of three available waveforms. Most noticeable is the addition of a flexible Arpeggiator that allows a user-defined pattern to be manually sequenced and played back. Still present are the original Pitch Bend knob and the Two Octave Up / Two Octave Down Transpose switch. Connecting the keyboard to the main unit now uses a secure eight-pin din cable.

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Modified Minimoog

via this auction. Details on mods:

"It is a modified one, but very professionally modded by a Company I don’t know anything about, in “ancient times”... The mods look almost factory-made, considering the quality of wood cutting and added printed metal written panels. You’ll find the logo of the company in the picture of the modulation panel. If you can provide any historical info about this matter, you're welcome! This Mini has A LOT OF ADDITIONAL FEATURES, compared to a standard one, adding more versatility and interfaceability to the analogue realm! It can be used as a good controller for other Moog, ARP, Oberheim, Roland CV/Gate controlled analogue / modular synthesizers."

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Vintage MOOG SIGNAL PROCESSORS

Note: links to listings are affiliate links for which the site may be compensated.

via this auction

See the original advert for the set in this post.

via the seller: "THIS IS A ONCE IN A LIFETIME OPPORTUNITY FOR ANYONE TO OWN ALL THESE UNITS WITHOUT HAVING TO WAIT YEARS & YEARS TO FIND THEM ALL... IT TOOK ME MANY YEARS TO FIND THEM ALL AND SPENT LOTS OF MONEY ON THEM PLUS ALL THE ELECTRONIC MAINTENANCE I HAVE GIVEN TO EACH ONE OF THEM TO HAVE THEM WORK ALL 100%.

I have 5 units in a robust ATA Molded PE Shock w/ Rubber Shock Suspension (12U Space) Model: G-Shock-12L almost new with both front and back lid covers with it's own locking key as well... (REFER TO PHOTOS...) And the Moog Parametric Equalizer as a single unit because it didn't fit in the case unfortunately... But you get all 6 units shipped together as a complete set... NOTE: On the last picture the Bode Frequency Shifter, Bode Vocoder, and the second Moog Parametric EQ ARE NOT included in the bundle they are there just because that's where I had mounted both Parametric EQs but you only get one of the Parametric EQs and not 2 that are pictured there along with the other Bode stuff... Although the Bode Units are going for sale as well but are being sold separately so please refer to info description or ask questions if you're not sure. Thanks...

Here's what's included in the bundle:

- Moog 16 Channel Vocoder 327A - Model: MBVO - X 1 Unit
- Moog Custom Engineering String Filter - ( Fully Calibrated...) - X 1 Unit
- Moog Custom Engineering Dual VCO - ( Fully Calibrated As Well...) - X 1 Unit
- Moog 12 Stage Phaser - Model: MPKH - X 1 Unit
- Moog Three Band Parametric Equalizer 304A - Model: MKPE - X 1 Unit
- Moog Ten Band Graphic Equalizer - Model: MKGE - X 1 Unit

Here's some info you may want to know about each unit:

* Moog Dual VCO - The Moog Dual Voltage Controlled Oscillator was built in very limited quantities by the Moog Custom Engineering Department A.K.A. Modusonic which has 2 Ultra-Stable VCOs based on the 3rd Revision of the Minimoog 921A VCO With Temp Comp UA 726 Matched Differential Pair Transistors. SUPER FREAKING PHAT..!!! Personally I think it beats any Minimoog I've own... The waveforms are just "EARGASMIC"... =) You've got to hear it for yourself... The Moog Dual VCO was designed to add that extra two oscillator fatness to other Moog Synthesizers as the Multimoog, Micromoog and the Minimoog at the time; although the Minimoog required the addition of the Keyboard CV Output Modification so it could control the Moog Dual VCO's pitch and route it's output back into the Minimoog's External Audio Input... The Micromoog & Multimoog did not require this mod because they have already a Keyboard CV Output Jack as well as their respective audio input. So basically you can use the Moog Dual VCO with any Analog Synthesizer with a Keyboard CV Output (1 Volt/Oct.) and an External Audio Input to pass the Dual VCO's output signal back in it and voila two extra fat Moog Oscillators in your set up.

* Functions, Features & Input/Output Option:

- Master Tune - Controls overall tuning of both oscillators or one when only used as single...
- Pulse Width - Controls width of both oscillator's pulse waveforms when used either as single or dual.
- Octave Select Multi-Switch Knob with: LO, 32', 16', 8', 4', 2'. (Both Oscillator 1 & 2 have their own Multi-Switch Knob)
- Waveform Select Switch with: Up Ramp/Sawtooth, Triangle, Pulse, Sine.
- Oscillator On/Off Switch - Each Oscillator has it's own on/off switch to quickly add or subtract one oscillator while performing.
- Oscillator 2 Sync Switch - Automatically syncs both oscillators together by the flick of a switch.
- Oscillator 2 Tune Knob - To tune or detune oscillator 2 from 1 either while synced or un-synced.
- Output Level Knob - Controls overall output volume.
- Power Switch - Turns on/off unit.
- Oscillator 1 CV Input Jack 1/4" (1 Volt/Oct.) - Controls oscillator 1 only.
- Both In 1 CV Input Jack 1/4" (1 Volt/Oct.) - Controls pitch of both oscillators while oscillator 1 being the master controller.
- Oscillator 1 Output Jack 1/4" - Outputs signal of oscillator 1 only.
- Oscillator 2 CV Input Jack 1/4" (1 Volt/Oct.) - Controls oscillator 2 only.
- Both In 2 CV Input Jack 1/4" (1 Volt/Oct.) - Controls pitch of both oscillators.
- Oscillator 2 Output Jack 1/4" - Outputs signal of oscillator 2 only.
- X 4 Multiple Output Jacks 1/4" - Note: These are not connected whatsoever to any circuit inside the unit, they only serve to split any input or output signal you wish to multiply.
- Runs on 120 VAC Only.

* Moog 16 Channel Vocoder - The Moog 16 Channel Vocoder was designed by Genius Engineer and Pioneer In Electronic Music Instruments Harald Bode in the mid 70's about and first released in about 1977 under the "Bode Sound Company" Brand which was manufactured by Polyfusion under the name of Bode Vocoder 16 Channel Model 7702, and was then licensed to the Moog Synthesizer Brand in about 1978 which was then released as The Moog 16-Channel Vocoder 327A Model MBVO. Both Vocoders are almost identical in circuit design except for a few slight variations in the type of components that were used in each but functions and features are basically the same...

* Functions, Features & Input/Output Option:

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EMS Synthi AKS & Extras

Note: links to listings are affiliate links for which the site may be compensated.

via this listing

"Rare transition example that has been used but very well looked after - supplied serviced and ready for use. Recent extensive servicing and modifications by Europe's premier EMS tech to create what we consider to be the ultimate Synthi AKS. All features are fully working and expertly calibrated. Includes many extras and upgrades (see description for full details). This is the AKS to buy if you want the maximum possible sonic options...

EMS Synthi AKS for sale in perfect working order - highly modified to be the ultimate AKS with an even greater range of sonic possiblities over a standard Synthi.

It comes complete with the following accessories:

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Introducing the New Dave Smith Instruments Sequential Prophet-6

Published on Jan 22, 2015 Dave Smith Instruments

Note the new Sequential branding and site vs. DSI or Sequential Circuits. Maybe they were afraid KORG would grab it. ;) SequentialCircuits.com appears to be owned by a fan site. There is Prophet-6 page at DSI as well.

Update: regarding the Sequential name: "In an unprecedented gesture of good will, Yamaha Corporation and its President, Takuya Nakata, have granted possession of the Sequential brand back to its original owner and company founder, Dave Smith. “To say that I’m grateful would be putting it mildly,” said Smith. “Generosity at this level is almost unheard of in today’s corporate climate.”

Video Description:

"Sequential is back! 100% analog signal path with discrete voltage controlled oscillators, filters, and amplifiers. More info at www.sequential.com

Vintage with a Modern Twist

The Prophet-6 is Dave Smith's tribute to the poly synth that started it all—the Sequential Prophet-5. But it’s not simply a reissue of a classic. Rather, as Dave puts it, “It’s the result of our effort to build the most awesome-sounding, modern analog poly synth possible.” The Prophet-6 takes the best qualities of the original Prophet-5—true voltage-controlled oscillators, filters, and amplifiers—and adds enhancements such as studio-quality effects, a polyphonic sequencer, an arpeggiator, and more. The result is pure, unadulterated analog tone with the stability and reliability of a state-of-the-art modern synth.

Classic Tone, Classic Vibe

Central to the warm, punchy sound of the Prophet-6 are its two newly-designed, discrete voltage-controlled oscillators (plus sub-oscillator) per voice. Continuously variable waveshapes provide the tonal palette with triangle, sawtooth, and variable-width pulse waves. There are two discrete filters per voice—a four-pole, resonant, low-pass inspired by the original Prophet-5 filter, and a two-pole, resonant, high-pass filter. Voltage-controlled amplifiers complete the all-analog signal path.

Dual Effects

The dual effects section provides studio-quality reverbs, delays (standard and BBD), chorus and phase shifter. While the effects themselves are digital, with 24-bit, 48 kHz resolution, a true bypass maintains a full analog signal path. There's also an independent stereo distortion effect, which is 100% analog.

Poly Mod and Poly Step Sequencing

Also present from its classic predecessor is a Poly Mod section, with enhancements. True to the original, modulation sources are filter envelope and oscillator 2 (both with bi-polar control). Destinations include oscillator 1 frequency, oscillator 1 shape, oscillator 1 pulse width, low-pass filter cutoff, and high-pass filter cutoff. Another welcome reprise is Unison mode, which features configurable voice count (1-6 voices) and key modes. The polyphonic step sequencer allows up to 64 steps and up to 6 notes per step. You can create sequences polyphonically, with rests and sync to an external MIDI clock. The full-featured arpeggiator can be synced to external MIDI clock as well.

Easy to Program

The knob-per-function front panel offers instant access to virtually all Prophet-6 functions. Included are 500 permanent factory programs in 10 banks of 100 programs. In addition to these, you can create and save up to 500 user programs of your own. Toggling off the Preset button enables live panel mode, in which the sound of the Prophet-6 switches to the current settings of its knobs and switches. In this state, what you see is what you hear.

Easy to Play

All of this awe-inspiring sound is packed into a four octave, semi-weighted keyboard with velocity and channel aftertouch that's an ideal combination portability and power for the project studio or the gigging musician.

Special thanks to Peter Dyer! www.peterdyer.net"


Specs

OSCILLATORS
Continuously variable wave shape (triangle, sawtooth, pulse, square) per oscillator
Pulse width per oscillator
Hard sync: oscillator 1 syncs to oscillator 2
Triangle sub-octave generator (oscillator 1) per voice
Low frequency mode (oscillator 2)
Keyboard tracking on/off (oscillator 2)
Oscillator slop amount for increased tuning instability, from subtle to extreme

MIXER
Oscillator 1 amount
Oscillator 1 sub-octave amount
Oscillator 2 amount
White noise amount

HIGH-PASS FILTER
2-pole, resonant, high-pass filter per voice
Bi-polar filter envelope amount
Velocity modulation of envelope amount
Keyboard tracking: off, half, full

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MOOG Sonic Six

Click here for shots via this auction.

"The Moog Sonic 6 (also Sonic VI and Sonic Six) is a duophonic analog synthesizer that was manufactured by Moog Music from 1974 to 1979. The Sonic 6 is the result of Moog Music's acquisition of the company Musonics, which had previously made a synthesizer called the Sonic V.

The Sonic 6 is mounted in its own briefcase; the upper control panel folds and latches over the keyboard to ease transportation and storage. This feature was used by a number of synthesizer manufacturers of the time, however the Sonic 6 was Moog Music's only product that incorporated this into its design. The Sonic 6 is also the only Moog synthesizer that featured built-in speakers rather than requiring the user to use an external amplifier.

The Sonic 6 features two VCOs with changeable waveform (sawtooth, triangle, square, pulse), one low-pass VCF, a VCA, two multimode LFOs for modulation and a 49-note keyboard.

The Sonic Six is an uncommon Moog of wonderful sound and amazing versatility. It very definitely has a “discrete” analog sound, despite the fact that it is most likely an IC synth like most of the synths of the seventies. It's very warm and buzzy and reminiscent of early seventies monosynths.

The Sonic Six was based on Waytena's Musonics Sonic V. When Musonics bought Moog, they sold the Sonic V as a Moog for awhile, and then redesigned it with some castoff Minimoog case designs, and called it the Sonic Six in 1972. It was intended to be the “educational Moog” which is why everything is labeled so bizarrely. Bob Moog himself used to tote one of these around for demonstrations. It is the first non-modular duophonic synth.

The Sonic Six is a two-oscillator duophonic synth. You can set it up so that it is duophonic, (two notes at a time... one oscillator takes high-note priority and one oscillator takes low note priority), monophonic (both oscs), or monophonic with a drone (one osc changes pitch, one does not). Available waveshapes are pulse (variable), saw, and triangle. The pitch of each oscillator can be controlled by dual LFO, one by contour, and the other by the other oscillator. You can adjust the temperament of the Sonic Six, to play scales that have less than 12 notes per octave! The Sonic Six has pink or white noise available with level adjustment.

The Dual LFO is AMAZING. You have control over the balance between the two LFOs. Each LFO has saw, reverse saw, triangle, and square waves available, driven by Envelope or the master LFO slider. Having two LFOs makes a lot of modulation and triggering possibilities available.

The Sonic Six has a genuine ring modulator which allows you to choose between OSC1 and the LFO for source. The ring modulator has a mix knob, and a direct out. The ring modulator and can create more than just the standard sound. It can generate surprisingly guitar-like distortion. Audio signals can be routed through the Moog filter and ring modulator via an external input.

Ah, the contour generator. If there was one weaker spot in the Moog Sonic Six design, this is it. It is simply a modified AR envelope generator. Decay is provided by a switch, offering long or short decay. Where the contour generator becomes cool again (and perhaps cooler than most) is when it allows you to choose what triggers the envelope. You can choose between the keyboard, LFO 1, or LFO 2... or any combination. This function allows you to do many cool things... especially when you've set the LFOs to trigger the synth, and have them on different waveforms at different frequencies. If you turn down the oscillators, turn up the noise generator, and get creative with the filter settings, you can create your own analog drum machine/loop generator.

The filter is a delightfully rich Moog filter with filter cutoff, resonance, KYBD switch, Env amount, and dual-LFO amount. Having the dual LFOs control the filter is a great sound.....you can easily generate unique sample and hold type effects.

The Sonic Six has direct oscillator/ring mod out control knobs. Basically, you can add a direct line from the oscillator to the final output, which REALLY fattens up the sound. Sadly, these outputs don't go through the ENV generator, so they are always on if you have them on, but still... it is a very useful tool for effects and fattening.

The Sonic Six has “glissando” which is actually portamento. This can be assigned to both oscillators or just one, depending on the setting. The Sonic Six has a built in speaker, as well as normal output. The speaker sounds great, and has its own distinctive sound. Many mic the built in speakers! It features control voltage inputs for VCO, VCF, and VCA. Of course, it has a pitch wheel, as well."

The History of EMS Part 1

via Bitexion on VSE

"This is copied off the Analogue Systems user manual, since they have two cloned EMS modules in their line, the filter and trapezoid. Not written by me. Part 2 comes later, it's 10 pages of tightly written text.

The most interesting parts are the part about the awful control voltage scheme internally, and the quirky DK1 keyboard. Here you go. This part deals with the VCS3 and why it is said to be an effects machine. The next parts will deal with the success and fall of the company, no time to write all that down now.

THE EMS STORY

IN THE BEGINNING
------------------
Peter Zinovieff was born in London in 1933. A geologist who filled his home with samples (rocks, not audio) he was fascinated by electronic music, and used his wealth to develop a huge voltage controlled studio that occupied an entire room at his home in Putney.

When this became too unwieldy, he enlisted the help of engineer Dave Cockerell and programmer Peter Grogno, who helped him design an enhanced system. This used two DEC PDP-8 minicomputers to control the voltage-controlled modules of Zinovieff's early synthesizers. Their "MUSYS" system proved reasonably user-friendly,with a QWERTY keyboard and a velocity sensitive piano-style keyboard, much like today's computer-based studios.

Zinovieff's ideas and instruments were incredible. Twenty years before modern computing and sequencing packages, Zinovieff's PDP-8s could store and replay compositions, complete with sound shaping parameters. His software was even capable of twisting the music into bizarre new sounds and effects. In 1968, Zinovieff and Cockerell also invented a form of computer-controlled spectral (or 'additive') synthesis, using a system of 60 resonant filters that could analyse sounds and resynthesize them.

In 1969, when MUSYS became too expensive for Zinovieff alone, he decided to offer it 'to the nation' as a free resource for the arts. To this end, he placed an advertisement in The Times. Fortunately, a gentleman named Don Banks misunderstood this offer and, in return for a cheque for £50, he asked Zinovieff to "make me a synthesizer". So, together with Tristram Cary, a composer for electronic music for TV series such as "Dr Who", Zinovieff and Cockerell created a new company, Electronic Music Studios Ltd, and produced its first synthesizer. Cockerell's "VCS1" was a hand-built rackmount unit with two oscillators, one filter and one envelope. In an era when any synthesizer was, almost by default, a huge modular, this was not thought to be adequate, so the partners enhanced Cockerell's initial ideas, designing an instrument that was small, but powerful and flexible. It was the Voltage Controlled Studios no.3- The VCS3

THE VCS3
--------------
The VCS3 is, essentially, a modular synth that comes in two parts. The synth itself - nicknamed "The Putney" because EMS was located in that part of London - contains the bulk of the audio modules. It also incorporates two power amplifiers and speakers, making it a self-contained sound-effects generator.

Oscillators 1 and 2 are the primary sound sources, and these produce a remarkable range of frequencies, from below 1Hz to around 10KHz. Osc1 produces sine and sawtooth waveforms with a form of rectifying waveshaping for the sine wave. Independent level controls allow you to select the amounts of each waveform in the oscillator's output. The second VCO also produces two simultaneous waveforms, and again it offers independent level controls for each. This time, the waveforms are pulse and triangle waves, with simultaneous waveshaping from 0% to 100% on the former, and from sawtooth to ramp wave on the latter. It's a shame that, on an unmodified VCS3, none of the waveshapers can be voltage controlled, because this would introduce many forms of PWM and dramatically increase the range of sounds available. But there it is... Once selected, a waveform is static. A third VCO is similar to VCO 2, with pulse and triangle waveforms, but its frequency range is concentrated further down the spectrum, lying between 0.025Hz and 500Hz.

An independant section on the panel contains a noise generator, with a level control and a 'colour' control that varies from predominantly low frequencies (red) through 'white' noise, and up to predominantly high frequency (blue) noise. Another section contains the Ring Modulator which, as you would expect, offers just an output level control.

Many players and writers have described the VCS3's filter as a conventional lowpass filter with an 18dB/octave slope, but they are - to some extent - wrong. For one thing, the VCS3 filter exhibits a 'knee' in its cutoff profile; the first octave above the cutoff frequency rolls off at 12dB/octave, but the slope increases to 18dB/octave at frequencies above that. Furthermore, any amount of filter resonance significantly depresses the low frequency gain, so EMS described it as a combined low-pass/band-pass device. At high Response (the EMS term for 'resonance') the filter self-oscillates. This was mind-boggling stuff in the late 60's.

If the filter is unusual, the envelope generator (which EMS called a 'shaper') and its associated VCA are positively arcane. It has six controls. The first is straightforward enough - it's the Attack, which has a range about 2ms to 1s. So far, so good. The next control is laballed "ON", but nowadays we would call this a ustain level "Hold" because it determines the length of time the envelope stays 'high' after you release the gate. Control number three is more recognizable - it's a Decay rate, with a claimed range of 3ms to around 15 seconds. The fourth knob is labelled "OFF" and it determines the delay before autoretriggering of the envelope cycle. Until you understand that this must be in the '10' position (called 'Manual') to play the VCS3 conventionally, things can get very confusing. Indeed, the envelope will auto-repeat at frequencies of up to 60Hz, which is well inside the audio range, so the 'Shaper' can also act as an LFO or even as a deep bass oscillator.

The envelope has two outputs with independent level controls. The first (and the fifrth in the 'shaper' section) is the one that confuses most people: it's the "Trapezoid" level. To understand this, just picture an envelope produced by an AHD (attack/hold/decay) contour generator. This is a shape called a trapezoid. So the Trapezoid Level simply determine the level of the envelope CV. The second level control (the sixth shaper control) is the signal level, and this controls the loudness of any signal passing through the Shaper. There is a lso a large, red ATTACK button, which we would nowadays describe as a manual Gate.

The VCS3 also provides a spring reverb with Mix and Level controls. This is a simple dual-spring device, with a maximum reverberation time of approx. 2 seconds. Unfortunately, when using the VCS3's internal speakers, the reverb howls uncontrollably before the mix gets very dense, and you can only use it to its full potential with external amplification and speakers.

It may not be obvious at first sight, but the VCS3 is a stereo synthesizer with independent output channels A and B that drive the left and right speakers respectively. These have independent level controls, panning controls, and output filter that, depending upon position, attenuate the bass or trable, or porivde a flat response.

Performance controls are limited to the enormous X/Y joystick. This has two controls that govern the X and Y ranges but, unfortunately, its maximum range is about +/-2V, so it's not often that you can plumb the extremes of any parameters it controls. There is also a
voltmeter that allows you to measure any control voltages (which are close to DC) or signal levels (which are AC) within your patches. You can even connect an oscilloscope to a dedicated 1/4" output on the rear.

THE DK1 KEYBOARD
---------------------
The separate DK1 keyboard - known as "The Cricklewood", because that was where Cockerell worked - was as radical as the VCS3 it controlled. Of course, it was monophonic (there were no poly synths in 1969) but it was velocity sensitive, allowing players to add expression in a
way that had hitherto been impossible.

You connect the DK1 to the VCS3 using a dedicated 8-way cable that provides two power rails, two CVs and a Gate pulse for the envelope shaper. To the left of the keyboard itself, two switches control the two output CVs (called 'Channels') produced by the DK1. The first of these has 'Signal' and 'CV1' positions. We'll come to signal in a moment...for now, simply understand that CV1 was what we would now call pitch CV. Hang on... doesn't CV1, and therefore channel 1, produce the same thing? Yes it does, so there's no point in having both switches set to 'CV'.

Now, let's return to that 'Signal' position. The DK1 has a built-in sawtooth oscillator and an associated VCA with frequency, 'spread, level and dynamic range controls. This is a godsend because, with the spread set to '10' the oscillator tracks the keyboard in a conventional 1:1 relationship. In other words, you can play the keyboard and, with everything else set up appropriately, you'll hear the notes that you would expect. This is not necessarily the case when you use the keyboard CV channels. This is because the keyboard CV channels enter the VCS3 through two input level controls marked, sensibly enough, Channel 1 and Channel 2. The problem arises because the 1:1 keytracking occurs somewhere between '6' and '7' on the knobs, and the exact position can fluctuate wildly with the oscillators' temperature, the time of day, and the FTSE100 index. This makes it very tricky to use the VCS3's internal oscillators for correctly pitched melodies. Every time you play the thing, and even after an hour of 'warming up'm you are constantly trimming the tuning and scaling the Channels.

Furthermore, the VCS3 doesn't confirm to either 1V/octave or Hz/V standards used by every other manufacturer, before and after. It uses internal voltages of 0.32V/octave for oscillators 1 and 2, 0.26V/octave for oscillator 3, and 0.20V/octave for the self-oscillating filter. However, because there are CV amplifiers on the internal module inputs, you need to double these figures to 0.64V/octave, 0.52V/octave and 0.40V/octave respectively for external CV sources. Argghhh!!!!

Likewise, the usual 10V peak-to-peak signal levels are eschewed in favour of 3V, 4V and 6V for the oscillators (depending on waveform), 5V for the filter, 3V for the noise generator... and so on. There was nothing about the VCS3 that we would now regard as conventional.

You might think that this is enough of the VCS3's and DK1's oddities, but you would be mistaken. This is because yet discussed its most notable characteristic: the patch matrix.

ENTER THE MATRIX
-----------------
The most important thing to note here is that the VCS3 will remain forever silent unless you stick some pins into the matrix. This is because none of the devices described are connected to eachother unless you use the matrix to determine which signal goes where. Fortunately, the 16x16 matrix allows you to connect any of the VCS3's modules to eachother. For example, let's say that you want to direct the output of oscillator 1 to output channel 1. Since the signal generated by oscillator 1 emerges from the list of sources in row 3, and the input to channel 1 is column A, you simple stick a patch pin in position A3, and the connection is made. Of course, this doesnæt preclude you from sticking more pins in row 3, and yet more in column A, so patches can become very complex, very quickly. Indeed, you can stick 256 pins into all 256 available sockets, but i doubt that it would create a sound. Also, you must remember that, at this point, you have only made a set of connections between modules. Whether you hear a sound, or whether it's a useable one, still depends on the positions on the front panel controls.

Unfortunately, there are three problems with the matrix. The first two are simple to avoid: if mistreated it can become unreliable; and it's very expensive to replace. The third is more fundamental...

The matrix is not "buffered", and this means that, every time you insert a pin into an existing patch, the actions of other patch connections will change to some degree. Let's suppose that you've spent an hour creating a complex patch and getting every knob exactly as you want it. You the decide that you want to add, say, oscillator 2 to the filter input. You insert the appropriate pin - and everything else changes. As you can imagine, this is infuriating.

Now let's turn to the patch pins themselves. These are not simple metal connectors that short between the row and column rails. They are resistors, and there are three types of these in common use. White ones (with a resistance of 2.7kOhm) are the most common, and you can use them for almost anything. However, because the resistors in the pins have a wide (5%) tolerance, they are not suitable for some jobs. In particular, two white pins inserted into I8 and J8 (CV Channel A connected to the pitch CV inputs of VCO1 and 2) will often be sufficiently different to make the oscillators track differently. To overcome this, EMS supplied red pins, also 2.7KOhm, but with 2% tolerance. The third of the common pin colours is green. These pins have a higher resistance than the others, thus reducing the amplitude of a signal considerably. Most often, you use these when you want to attenuate a control signal, such as applying a delicate amount of modulation to a pitch CV input.

If you read some of the conversations flying around the Internet, you might be forgiven for thinking that the VCS3 is no more than a glorified effects unit. In part, this is because few casual users have the patience or knowledge to squeeze conventional musical signals from the instrument. But perhaps more significantly, it's because the VCS3 has four 1/4" inputs on the rear panel - two for microphones, two for line level signals - routed to the Channel 1 and Channel 2 rows on the patch matrix. Because the VCS3 is modular, this is a far more powerful arrangement than the signal inputs on pre-patched monosynths, allowing you to use an external signal as an extra module, maybe as an audio source, a CV source, or even a Gate.

There's another reason why the VCS3 is often regarded as a sound mangler. Because its internal oscillators are so unstable, using external signals (such as generated by the DK1) is often the only way that you can play conventional melodies. So, in many ways, the VCS3's status as an "effects generator extraordinaire" is a classic case of making a virtue out of a necessity."

Scroll through these posts for more history on EMS and of course check out the EMS label below for more.

Rare Clef PDSG (Programmable Digital Sound Generator) up for Auction

Note: links to listings are affiliate links for which the site may be compensated.

via this auction

Via the seller: "I was recently clearing out some BBC Micro stuff and came across this Clef PDSG (Programmable Digital Sound Generator). It was the last product made by Clef. They hoped it would be taken up by Acorn computers, but it didn't happen, and I think they went out of business after that. It was supplied pretty much as seen, as a DIY project. I initially couldn't find any mention of it online, so I've put up a page to commemorate it here, with pictures and sound samples:

http://www.lemontiger.co.uk/clef.html

There's some information about it here:

http://audiotools.com/en_mi_dead_b.html

"In 1982 the company introduced the product it is best known for these days in the form of the Clef Microsynth (Later the B30 Microsynth), a budget 2 oscillator analogue subtractive synthesiser that was the only product sold by the company that was not developed by Mr. Boothman but rather a design originally published in P.E. magazine as a construction article and conceived by Allan Bradford, it is similar conceptually to the slightly more complex Jen SX-1000 and EDP Wasp in that it uses digital electronics to keep down costs but with it come some operational oddities such as the use of a 0.35V/Octave control voltages meaning that the only other synth that it interfaced with was the EMS, but it was cheap and thus sold reasonably well.

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Gleeman Pentaphonic

Click here for shots via this auction.

Details:
"Only 50 ever made - so this is probably the last time you will see one again - this rare beast sounds like a cross between Moog / Oberheim and the Prophet synths and the has the film soundtrack fx side of the VCS3 so is killer for film soundtracks - the Gleeman is in tip top condition and has been recently serviced by a reputable UK company - it comes with mains 110>240v transformer - the total shipping weight is 26kg so email me your area/postal code / country for shipping quotations - I originally paid £2000.00 for the Gleeman Pentaphonic - remember this is one of the very rarest synths out there - you will definately not see another one and it sounds like no other - here is what has been said of the legendary Gleeman Pentaphonic:

The Gleeman Pentaphonic
by Joey Swails (j.swails@comcast.net)

The Gleeman Pentaphonic was introduced in 1981 by the Gleeman company, a partnership of two brothers, Bob and Al Gleeman. They were based (in the grand old Silicon Valley tradition) in their garage in Mountain View, California.

I met Bob Gleeman at the 1982 AES show in Anaheim, while I worked for Don Wehr's Music City in San Francisco. I was blown away by the Pentaphonic's sound; Bob came around the store a soon after, and we became the first authorized Gleeman dealer.

The story goes that the Pentaphonic came about when Bob decided that he wanted a synthesizer like a Prophet-5, but smaller and more portable. His "smarter brother" Al, a computer hardware designer, basically designed the synth from the ground up, working from his brother's description of what a polyphonic synthesizer should do.

It was in actually a digital/analog hybrid -- the filters and amps were based on the same Curtis chips that were used in the Prophet, ARP and Octave machines. The oscillators were digital, as were the ADSRs. The machine was based on the Intel 80186 microprocessor, which was very advanced for it's time. In fact, it used two 80186's -- one for the keyboard/transpose functions, the other for waveform and amplitude control. One thing led to another and they decided to try to market the machine after everyone who heard it told them how great it sounded. They had wanted to call it the "Gleeman Minstrel", since their family name Gleeman means "minstrel." But there was another machine on the market called Minstrel (the Basyn, by Grey Labs), so they settled on "Pentaphonic".

The oscillator section featured 3 oscillators, each with a selection of 8 waveforms. The waveshapes were fixed, in that there was no pulse-width modulation. Instead it offered 3 choices of pulse widths. There were two "digital" waveforms with lots of high, bell-like overtones which had a distinctive, almost FM-like sound when selected.

There was an octave switch on each oscillator (hi/low) and a "chorus" switch that actually detuned oscillators 2 and 3. Interval tuning of the oscillators was not introduced until the programmable version was made, and the intervals were part of the program, selected by pressing keys on the keyboard. There was also a Transpose control that shifted the entire tuning of the machine in half-steps over a one octave range.

It was a standard Prophet-type control set, with one filter ADSR and one volume ADSR. The filter section had the standard cutoff, contour amount and resonance dials. The layout was basically that of a MiniMoog, including an oscillator mixer that included a pink noise control.

One drawback was a lack of a keyboard tracking filter setting, which was explained to e as being impossible due to the way the keyboard controlled the oscillators. Another as that it also lacked a provision for a sustain pedal.

The keyboard system was unique in that it was not based on the same serial-scanning system developed by Tom Oberhiem used by virtually every polyphonic synth, but was rather a parallel port that had an input point for each of the 37 keys. This made for a very fast, responsive keyboard, but made it difficult to derive an analog voltage
to use for filter tracking.

The first Pentaphonic's joystick was only a pitch bend lever, but later they upgraded it to allow for pitch bending and modulation of either the pitch or filter cutoff. There was also a simple, real time, one-track sequencer built in, but with the unique eature of being able to play back the sequence while playing the keyboard with the joystick and transpose control effecting only the notes played on the keyboard.

The original Gleeman Pentaphonic retailed for US$2795 and featured a 6X9 inch "car speaker" with amplifier built into the back of the cabinet. The price included an injection molded road case (actually a Samsonite suitcase customized with form-fit molding inside to hold the synth and a "Gleeman" nameplate glued over the "Samsonite" label.)

In 1982, the programmable version was introduced. I had told Bob from the beginning how much better (and more marketable) the Pentaphonic would be if it were programmable (as the Prophet-5 was setting the standard for analog synths in these days.) The "Presetter" used a two-digit thumbwheel selector next to the joystick with a toggle switch. The first 50 programs (designed by the Gleemans with help from
myself and Keith Hildebrant, who later worked for Opcode and authored several sound sample disks) were in ROM memory and the second 50 were user programmable. The toggle switch allowed for either instant recall as the thumbwheels were changed, or in the second position the patch remained in performance memory until the wheels were changed and the switch was toggled into the "recall" position. A small recessed red
button was the "write" switch. Unfortunately there was no provision for off-loading of programs. The programmable version retailed for US$3295.

I sold Oscar Petersen his Pentaphonic a few months after we became a dealer. He was playing a concert in town nearby and came into the store just to kill time after the soundcheck. He started playing on the Pentaphonic and didn't stop for two hours, while a small crowd gather to listen. He told his road manager he had to have one, and Bob and I delivered it to him at the venue the next day.

The greatest thing about the Gleeman was the sound -- it was gorgeous! The pads were thick and rich; the string patches made an OBXa sound almost thin by comparison. The three oscillator sound was very similar to a MemoryMoog in some ways, but with a crystal clarity that the Moog couldn't touch. If it had a weak point, it was that the Gleeman was almost TOO "pretty" sounding -- not a very good "down and dirty" synth. It was no good at the kind of bizarre patches that the Moog and the Prophet were capable of. It lacked a sync mode and the limited keyboard range was a hassle, but within that range, it was a truly lovely sounding instrument.

To address these defects, the Gleeman brothers had plans for a 61-note, touch sensitive, 8-voice version of the synth (I even saw the prototype being built while visiting their workshop). MIDI was just becoming available, and the new machine would have MIDI (though by then programmable Pentaphonics could be retrofitted for MIDI by the shop.)

Unfortunately, by 1984 the Japanese synth builders were flooding the market with inexpensive polysynths (like the PolySix and the Juno 6/60) and the market for a 5-voice machine with a 37-note keyboard and a price tag over 3000 bucks was gone. And oon after that the DX7 was introduced and the market was radically changed. The Gleeman "Octophonic" never saw the light of day, and the Gleeman brothers retired from the synthesizer business. (I heard that years later Al Gleeman went on to invent the laser dentist's drill.) Only 50 or so Pentaphonics were ever made but they still pop up in the keyboard rigs of some major recording artists such as Kansas, The Band, R.E.M. and of course, Oscar Petersen.

But the Gleeman didn't disappear until after it had made a bit of a stir in the synth world with the introduction of the world's only see-through synthesizer -- the "Pentaphonic Clear".

Here are gleeman owner's Harmony central reviews:
file:///Users/f/Desktop/GLEEMAN/reviews.harmony-central.com"

Ionic Performer Analog Synthesizer EMS Synthi AKS Synth

via this auction

be sure to see the Ionic label below for more. Details from the auction:

"Many know the EMS Synthi AKS as THE synth used in Pink Floyd's Dark Side of the Moon. The low bass sequence loop in "On The Run" is the Synthi. The Synthi AKS is one of the most coveted, rare and expensive analogs of yore. Few know of the Ionic Performer.

Quote Found on the internet: "Somewhere in my collection of EMS material I have a lurid photo of the Ionic Performer you mention. I remember attending a NAMM show in Chicago in the early seventies where Ionic Industries had a small booth and were exhibiting the Performer. You are correct that it was a repackaged VCS3 with an integral keyboard. Instead of the pin matrix it had rows of rectangular push-button switches - like an early ryhthm box. What really struck me about it was the publicity leaflet which brazenly announced 'No skill required' in its operation, before expanding further on this theme. It still had the familiar vernier dials for tuning the oscillators. I spoke to Steve Mayer on the stand but no Alfred. Dealings with Ionic were soon curtailed and from about 1972 the US side of the business was handled by Dr. Everett Hafner and his company EMSA from Amherst, Mass."

The left block contains the keyboard oscillator - frequency, tuning spread (distance between notes), level, octave divider and doubler, and whether the keyboard dynamics or voltage were routed to the modification rails. Also on the block are the left and right output level controls, and their pan positions (affecting only the line output).

There are two main oscillators (sine/triangle and square/triangle) and one square with an extended low range (to .01 Hz -- a direct-coupled output that caused Killer to regularly blow up my transistorized Dynaco power amps). The shape (duty cycle) is adjustable as is the relative level of the waveform pairs. Below is the external input level control (line or microphone could be modified as well as the oscillators) and the routing of the keyboard oscillator as a source. The last source in the group is white noise.
Each source can be modified by an envelope, ring modulator (modulated from any other source), filter, and reverb, and be routed to either or both output amp directly. Note that the filter (either with modified output or ringing at the Q point) could also be a source, as well as the keyboard oscillator, external inputs, and white noise. To make sure the player knew which oscillators were in use, there are four green lights (one for the oscillators, one for any other source).

Beginning at the bottom is the reverb (spring reverb), with a nice, rich dry/wet mix. To the right is an Attack/Duration/Decay envelope. The automatic envelope trigger control is to the right. The switches at the top patch the output of one device to the input of another. Only the oscillators and filter can't be patched to themselves, and the white noise has no input. But you could create some pretty unbelievable sounds with this matrix! Note the three items first introduced here, the trapezoid controller (actually the envelope used as a voltage source) and the two "sticks" (pseudo-joysticks).

The filter allows adjustment of frequency, response (Q, right to the feedback point so it could be used as another oscillator), and output level. The trapezoid (envelope) level is also adjustable. The "sticks" adjust two "axes" -- assignable to any device, and adjustable (using the two limit sliders) from no effect to full range. The sticks make this one heck of a microtonal machine. The system is +/-18 volts, so the limit range is extensive. Power and speaker on/off switches are at the top. To the right is the "Z axis" (auto pan/phase) pullswitch and level control. A manual envelope trigger is available, and trigger was normally routed to the keyboard in every case.

The right keyboard block controls final output functions. The two channels can be assigned portamento (which worked quite well) with adjustable pitch slide speed that makes Midi look positively amateur, fuzz, tremolo (triangle controller) and repeat (square controller). The latter two could be given a different variable rate for each channel, and combined with the Z-axis auto-pan, zowdy! These buttons are illuminated.

The designers had ergonomics down before IBM invented the term. Color-coding and logical layout made the instrument performable in near-darkness.

For the most detailed information on this EXTREMELY RARE SYNTH, please see the website: link"

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Minimoog Change List - Minimoog Versions

via Brian Kehew of The MOOG Cookbook:

"Minimoog MODEL "D" Changes:

At first look, all Minimoogs seem alike. It seems that the Minimoog is something unchanging that we all know and recognize. They are similar to each other, but there are many features that changed over time. You may already be aware of a few differences, but most people will be surprised at how many variations there really are.

One of my main goals for this site was this very page: to show the developments in the main Minimoog design (MODEL D), and give an idea when the changes happened. To my knowledge, this type of listing has not been done for the Minimoog. Once you see it - you should be able to tell what is "original" on a Minimoog. In some cases, you will even be able to guess a Minimoog's serial number quite closely after only a quick glance! Like "trainspotting" (identifying nearly identical trains by small distinguishing features) this is trivial, but fun.
The process was simple - I compiled a database of over 100 Minimoogs. By asking owners detailed questions, I was able to determine the commmon developments. Cross-referencing this data to known dates of production, it becomes easier to see WHEN things might have happened. Note: This is by no means foolproof, and there are individual Mini's that do not fit the pattern. For now, we will assume that they are mutants/modifieds, and simply note the main trends.
The Changes:
Read through these links first, so you will be familiar with the details. Then, I have arranged a timeline of the changes below for clarity. In the future, I will have photos of the changes, a helpful visual reference...

* The Badge
* The Factories
* The Front Panel
* Graphics
* Wheels
* Left-Hand Switches
* Panel Switches
* Oscillators
* Octave Buffer Board
* Rear Cover
* Power Cable
* Pointer Knobs
* The Wood Case


* The Questions used to make the database.
* TIMELINE of Changes

THE BADGE

(This is the "logo plate" above the keyboard that identifies the company)

* R. A. Moog: When the company began making synths (1964/65), this was the name, carried over from Bob's Theremin business. This metal nameplate is only found on the earliest Minimoogs from (late) 1970 through 1971.
* Moog/Musonics: After Waytena bought the R.A.Moog company, it was merged with Musonics (his own company) and the Minimoogs from this brief period (1971) bear this name. A metal plaque.
* Moog Music Inc. After Moog was sold to Norlin/CBS in 1972, this became the name that would remain until the last Minimoogs were made. MOST Minimoogs have this plate, a vinyl material.

THE FACTORIES

(Moog had several plants during Minimoog production, relatively close to each other in upstate New York)

* Trumansburg: The original factory, built Minimoogs from late 1970 through 1971.
* Williamsville: after the Musonics purchase, operated from March 1971 to 1977.
* Buffalo: a much larger plant, made Minimoogs from 1977 to 1981

THE FRONT PANEL

(Construction of the front panel behind the knobs)

* Metal - A thin sheet of smooth aluminum.
* Metal with Plastic - same as above, but with a thin clear sheet of plastic to cover/protect it.
* Plastic - a heavier vinyl/plastic panel, with a textured surface.

GRAPHICS

(This is the silkscreened labelling on the front panel)

* "VOL." - the earliest Minimoogs (metal and metal/plastic panel) have different designs. The time settings are marked in seconds, the Osc.2 & 3 fine tune knobs have cents/100 divisions, and the Volume knobs say "VOL."
* "Volume" - the design used on all vinyl panel Minimoogs: the knobs say "VOLUME", the times are in divisions from 1 to 10, and the Osc. 2 & 3 tunings knobs are incremented from +/-1 to +/-7.

WHEELS

(On the left-hand modulation section, the wheels and switches underwent a few developments)

* Clear Wheels: the earliest design, a beautiful look.
* Solid White Wheels: same shape as before, but in an opaque white plastic.
* Serrated White Wheels: These have ridged, wavy edges for better gripping.

# Clear Lighted Wheels: same shape as early clear wheels, but with internal lights to show them off. Only on the last series of 25 "presentation" Minimoogs.

LEFT-HAND SWITCHES

* Decay/Glide switches are Red Momentary pushbuttons on the earliest R.A.Moog Mini's. This may be to make the instrument more "performance oriented" as the sound can "change" easier with momentary switches.
* White Mini-toggle switches. Some early R.A.Moog instruments have small toggle switches (NOT momentary) for Decay and Glide. On some, this appears to be a retrofit, as it would be more usable than the buttons. On most, this looks like the original factory issue design.
* White Rocker switches; the standard white plastic rocker switches found on almost all Mini's. Begins during the R.A.Moog period and remains until the last.

PANEL SWITCHES

(These are the colored rocker switches used all across the front control panel for modulation, the mixer, etc.)

* Blue and Orange - the most common color scheme - almost all Minimoogs have this setup. In case you never noticed, Blue is for audio routing, Orange is for modulation routing.
* All White - very few Mini's have this, but there are a few known examples, mostly early Mini's. It looks quite good, actually.
* All Black switches - again, another variation that seems to be original. The factory had them around, as the Power Switch is usually Black. This also looks very cool!
* All Blue - there are rumoured Mini's with all-blue switches (makes sense - it would have been EASY to do at the factory). At least one prototype had this.

OSCILLATORS

(This is an important and controversial point for some Minimoog owners. The Oscillators were changed, at least a few times, in order to make the Minimoog more reliable)

* R.A.Moog - these are the Oscillator circuit boards for the earliest Minimoogs. There may be only about 100 made with these boards - they have "RAMOOG" written on the circuit board itself. The do sound different than the later oscillators, but are relatively harder to keep in tune.
* "Old Oscillators" - a term that is somewhat misleading now that we know about the RAMoog boards! However, most people consider these to be the first half of Minimoog production, almost 6,000 of them made, so they are often called "older oscillators". They are relatively stable, except when switching Octave settings.
On the back panel, one can see a set of 7 small calibration holes behind the Oscillators. This is true for most RAMoog and "Older" Oscillators.
* "New Oscillators" - these were specifically designed to keep the Minimoog in tune, a big complaint for the many performers using the older oscillators. The new oscillators have 17 trim holes on the back panel. They allow for especially precise calibration on the high frequencies, and have the Octave Buffer (see below). Moog began these with #10175 to the end, but many earlier ones have had these retrofitted.

OCTAVE BUFFER BOARD

Apparently, not many people know about this. The Octave Buffer Board is a FACTORY modification to correct a design flaw in the original Minimoog: When Oscillators were switched between octaves, they would often go out of tune. This small board was added inside the Minimoog just under the top edge (behind the Oscillator section, and mounted to the metal with two small black screws)

Beginning with serial number #5000, this was done on ALL Minimoogs from the factory. I have seen MANY of the earlier units (before #5000), already retrofitted by the factory or factory-authorized service centers. When the Minimoog was sent in for calibration, new oscillators, repair, etc., it would have been added as a matter of course. It's a very GOOD modification to have done and will not affect the value of your instrument. It will, in fact, increase the value, as your Mini will definitely be better with it. (It is possible that the early RAMoog oscillators do not need this modification - we're looking into it)

REAR COVER

(This is the removable aluminum cover on the back of the Minimoog)

* Bent - on the R.A.Moog Minimoogs, the aluminum is a flat panel bent into a box shape. It has an open seam where the sides join.
* Welded - on all later Minimoogs, this cover was welded at the seams, to prevent dirt from entering the electronics section (a good idea!)

POWER CABLE

(The power cable changed several times during production)

* The R.A.Moog Minimoogs have power cables that enter to the Left of the Accessory jacks (when looking from behind). 2 prongs (no ground) and usually brown.
* When the Minimoog was made with the new "Moog/Musonics" badge, the power cable moves to the Right of the accessory jacks. It was originally brown, 2 prong. This is also true for early "Moog Music" Minimoogs.
* Later, it became 3 prong, in black or gray.

POINTER KNOBS

(An interesting (but rarely noticed) change in the Minimoogs)

* Most Minimoogs have standard pointer knobs - where one end is pointed and the other end is wide.
* There is a specific period in 1974 where Minimoogs have different pointer knobs, where both ends are the same shape. This may be due to a shortage at the factory, or to keep down costs (Note: these same pointer knobs are found later on the Micromoog and Multimoog). However, they ARE original from this period - many people will assume they have been changed.

WOOD CASE

(An obvious difference, very visible. I'm no expert on woods so I'm going to look into this with an expert. There are a LOT of different styles, some just variations on wood stain or color. Here are the basics)

* Early Minimoogs have dark brown walnut casings, rumoured to have been cut from trees on Bob Moog's property. They are not stained or laquered.
* The next series of Minimoogs seem to have a dark Mahogany wood, also unstained.
* Later, the Minimoog came in a "butterscotch" colored stain, over an light-colored unnamed wood.These will be slightly glossy.
* Finally, the Minimoog came in a wood with very dark brown stain, almost as thick as paint. It's not as natural-looking as earlier Minimoogs, but ALL Minimoogs are beautiful!




These are the questions that were asked of Minimoog owners. These are basic changes (mostly external) that help us identify any Minimoog. (I will get into more detail about the internal changes at a later date)

* Serial number ?
* Front plate - RAMoog, Musonics, or Moog Music?
* Casing - unfinished walnut, light maple (butterscotch), or dark stain mahogany?
* Front panel - metal, metal w/ clear plastic coat, smooth plastic, rough plastic?
* Factory - Trumansburg, Williamsville, Buffalo?
* Wheels - clear, smooth white, serrated (rippled) white, lighted clear?
* Panel engraving - "VOL" or "VOLUME"?
* Decay/Glide switches - momentary red buttons, white rocker, (other)?
* Panel switches - orange/blue, all black, or all white?
* On the top edge (behind the wood, just above the Oscillator knobs) are there two small (black) screws?
* Number of calibration holes in back panel? (total)
* Power cable (looking from the REAR) - right or left of Accessory jacks? - brown, grey, or black? - 2 or 3 prong?
* IF there are paper assembly tags inside - what is the date?"

New Dove Audio WTF Oscillator

It looks like Paula Maddox of Modal Electronics and vacoloco has a new brand and a new module in the works. Dove Audio is the brand and the WTF Oscillator is the module, currently on Kickstarter.

DivKid captured the following demo at this year's Brighton Modular Meet:
Dove Audio WTF Oscillator at Brighton Modular Meet 2018

Published on Jul 10, 2018 DivKidVideo

"Here's a patch from Paula Anne Maddox with her new WTF oscillator and company Dove Audio. It's a new unique take on working with waveforms and oscillators and will be launched on Kickstarter here - http://bit.ly/wtfvco.

This footage is from the Brighton Modular Meet on the 1st of July 2018. The event is held at the Attenborough Centre for the Arts at the University of Sussex. More information here - http://brightonmodularmeet.co.uk"

Some details on the new module from the Kickstarter campaign, for the archives:


"What is a WTF Oscillator?

WTF stands for Window Transform Function and this oscillator gives the owner a new and unique way to morph between waveforms. It's designed to fit in your modular synthesiser, either in Euro-rack format or MU format.

How Does it Work?
Remember when you used to go to the dentist and the receptionist had a sliding hatch that would open and say "Mrs Smith to see the Dr in room 3 please"? Well this is much the same, the "front" wave is represented by the panes of glass on that window, the rear wave is the cheery receptionist.

As you slide open the window in the front wave the rear wave can be seen in that window. You can open and close this window with CV control.

Here's an example waveform.

This creates a totally new waveform that could, for example, start with a sawtooth, then change to a square wave part way through, then go back to a sawtooth for the remainder of the waveform cycle.
All this can be done with full CV control, allowing you to route your existing LFOs, EGs and sequencers to any or all of the parameters.

Features
32 Waveforms + Noise
There are 32 waveforms plus noise in the module and you can morph between any two. There are of course the usual suspects - sawtooth, sine wave, triangle wave and square wave. The remaining 28 waveforms are all newly created to mimic certain types of sounds, like vocal formants, distorted waves, metallic sounds and many more.
You can select the front and rear waveforms with independent control voltages enabling you to create incredibly rich sonic textures.

Tuneable Noise
The noise is tuneable, when you enable noise for the rear wave you can adjust the frequency the noise is generated at, allowing you to go from a white noise to a retro 8 bit game console style noise.

Advanced 'PWM'
You can also set the rear window to be a DC level giving you the ability to create PWM like sounds with any of the 32 waveforms.

Wave Inversion
You can also invert the rear waveform which adds a whole new level of sonic capability to the WTF oscillator.

Dual Window Mode
We've also added a 'dual' mode to the window function, so you can change between a single window opening and closing or a dual window.

CV Control of Waveforms
Finally, we've added the ability to change both the front and rear waveforms using control voltages, used in conjunction with a sequencer this gives you an incredibly powerful sound source full of previously unheard of sonic power."

See the Kickstarter campaign for additional videos and audio demos.

Superbooth 2023: Raw Yaw Media - Dizigo Digitial Oscillator Taurus looper, Monolith reverb

video upload by sonicstate

"At Superbooth 2023, Sonicstate.com spoke to Chris Barth, representing Raw Yaw Media, about the three modules the company has on show. First up is the Dizigo, a digital oscillator with two voices - one based on square wave FM synthesis and the other on sine wave phase modulation. It has a modulation depth knob for different pitch shifting and a frequency knob that affects the FM modulator oscillator. The second module is Taurus, an overdub looper that is currently in beta. It features pattern chaining behaviors, different pitch shifting techniques, and a harmonic knob that influences the recorded buffer. Taurus supports up to 16 note steps, with the harmonic knob allowing users to play those notes at different speeds. It also offers clock in and out, reset gate out, and up to an 8x clock multiplier. Lastly, Monolith is a digital reverb with pitch shifting based on exponential FM.

More info: Rawyawmedia.com"

dizygote is an a-side/b-side digital oscillator with a built-in envelope generator. the a-side builds harmonies with a square waveform and frequency modulation. the b-side distorts a sine waveform with phase modulation.

Input:
trig - button and gate in to trigger oscillator amplitude envelopes switch - button and gate in for toggling between the a and b sides length - knob and cv in for changing the envelope length mod - knob and cv in for changing the phase and fm modulation amounts mfreq - knob and cv in for changing the phase and fm modulation frequencies freq - knob for setting the oscillator frequency v/oct - voltage per octave cv for modulating the oscillator frequency

Output:
out l and out r - audio output env - cv envelope out

100 mA +12V 40 mA -12V
10 HP 35 mm deep

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SERGE Medusa Comes to Eurorack

video upload by Serge Modular | Random*Source

"Teo takes the Medusa for Eurorack for a (long) spin, here's the full recording used for the IG teaser ... #sergemodular"

Press release follows:

Introducing the Serge MEDUSA Subharmonic Oscillator for Eurorack: Unleashing New Depths in Modular Synthesis

Frankfurt, 1 November 2024 — Serge Modular proudly announces the launch of the Serge Medusa Subharmonic Oscillator for the Eurorack modular synthesizer format. This groundbreaking module designed by Serge Tcherepnin brings orchestral clusters, coveted undertones and rich harmonic complexity to the Eurorack format.

A Revolution in Sound Design

The Subharmonic Oscillator is one of Serge’s latest inventions and one of his most extraordinary designs. 7 accurate analog VCOs tied at the waist—in unison, yet their frequencies can open like a fan, creating complex clusters. Each voice generates a pulse wave. It is temperature compensated and follows exceptional 1V/Octave tracking. 
In addition, each voice provides (voltage controlled) pulse width modulation or subharmonic division as well as an individual output. By producing mathematically related lower frequencies, it enables the creation of complex and evolving soundscapes that were previously difficult to achieve within the Eurorack environment.
The precision of these voices in combination with a global Spread control and various FM inputs opens an enormous sonic range from massive unisono sounds to dissonant, orchestra-style textures. The ODD and EVEN outputs enable the use as a stereo oscillator.

Key Features:

• Original Serge 2023 design
• 100% analog
• Seven simultaneous subharmonic VCOs with individual Outputs, PWM and variable divisions
• Wide Range Frequency Control: Precisely dial in frequencies from deep bass to soaring highs, all synchronized to the master oscillator.
• Voltage-Controlled Parameters: Extensive CV inputs allow for modulation of pulse width and frequency divisions, enabling expressive performance potential.
• Odd and Even outputs for independent processing / Stereo use.
• Global Spread Control (manual and VC)
• Linear and Exponential FM
• Eurorack format (3U), 42 hp
• Power consumption: 220mA @ +12V, 200mA @ -12V
• Skiff-friendly: depth less than 25mm (1")

“This is my version of a cluster generator. Clusters are part of the contemporary music arsenal of effects. The Subharmonic Oscillator has a total, tracking, V/octave range that is the same as all our VCOs, however, it outputs only pulse waves. Pulse-width operates from instantaneous -> square wave > 1st sub-harmonic > 2nd sub-harmonic ...> Nth sub-harmonic. You guessed it, this is one VCO that sounds like a symphony orchestra playing Atmosphères by György Ligeti.”
Serge Tcherepnin, 18 October 2023

Unmatched Versatility

Designed for both traditional musicians and experimental artists, the Serge Subharmonic Oscillator excels in a variety of applications:

• Bass Enhancement: Generate powerful sub-bass frequencies to add weight to your mixes.
• Polyphonic Textures: Create rich, chord-like structures from a single note input.
• Rhythmic Modulation: Utilize subharmonics to produce complex rhythmic patterns and sequences.
• Sound Exploration: Dive into uncharted sonic territories with modulations and cross-patching.

Availability

The Serge Subharmonic Oscillator will be available starting November 1st, 2024 through Serge Modular / Random*Source and authorized dealers worldwide.

The Story behind Medusa

“I was sitting on a bench recovering from a bike ride at the edge of Fontainebleau forest, when a swarm of crows - some 30-40 of them, suddenly erupted in the sky above the large forest trees facing me.  They swirled in a large arc, emitting a few caws-caws, disappearing and reappearing wildly in the sky in front of me.  
And here is what this made me realize about my electronics: Drones have been part of my musical consciousness from the very beginning, thanks to LaMonte Young and the many examples of drones in Indian classical music.  One of my first electronic circuits was a 3 oscillator 9V operated shruti box. Maryanne Amacher, Eliane Radigue, Charlemagne Palestine, are drone masters I helped and fostered.  Charlemagne still uses the console of ultra stable drone oscillators that I designed for him more than 50 years ago.   
Drones and clusters, in fact.  Clusters, thanks to the marvelous composer Henry Cowell who coined the word for music. The fruit of all this, was me deciding on designing electronics for the creation of drones and clusters.   MEDUSA is the result of this project.

But what do a swarm of crows swirling in the sky above a forest have to do with drones and clusters??

EVERYTHING

MEDUSA is the perfect module for letting fly a swarm of semi independent musical notes, swirling in and out of unison, clusters, or chords, capable to scaling the entire range of frequencies, from sub-sonic to inaudible. MEDUSA gives wings to drones :)”

About Serge Modular
Serge Tcherepnin is an American composer, musician and electronic mastermind of Russian and Chinese descent who grew up in France and in Chicago. In 1970 he joined the music faculty at Cal-Arts where he developed the idea and design of the first “Serge” modules. He founded his company, Serge Modular Music Systems, in Hollywood, in 1975.
Random*Source was founded by Ralf Hoffmann in 2015 with a mission to carry on and extend the work of synth pioneers Serge Tcherepnin and Jürgen Haible. Since the beginning Random*Source has been working in close cooperation with Serge on a new generation of the Serge system. In 2018 Serge became Chief Innovation Officer and is leading the development under the Serge Modular brand.